Soc 16 Structure Of The Heart And Blood Vessels

Question 1

What are the 4 characteristics of arteries?

Answer 1

Arteries take blood away from the heart

Arteries have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry blood which is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry oxygenated blood

The channel the blood flows through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more blood through when you so that when you exercise, it can reach the working muscles

The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 2

The 4 characteristics of veins

Answer 2

● Veins carry blood into the heart
● Veins have much thinner walls, are less elastic and carry at a
lower pressure
● Veins contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart
● The pulmonary vein is different to other veins as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart

Question 3

4 main characteristics of capillaries

Answer 3

● Capillaries are microscopic vessels - just one cell thick
● At one end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen
and nutrients to the muscles
● At the other end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
● Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 4

Cardio respiratory system

Answer 4

the interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise.

Question 5

Cardio vascuar

Answer 5

to do with the heart, blood and blood vessels together.

Question 6

Vasodilation

Answer 6

when veins swell up or dilate; widening of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow.

Question 7

Vasoconstriction

Answer 7

when veins shrink down; narrowing of the internal diameter (lumen) of th blood vessel to decrease blood flow.

Question 8

Vascular shunting

Answer 8

process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas; achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction.

Question 9

What are the three main functions
of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 9

Transports oxygen, helps clot blood and controls body temp

Question 10

What rhythm does the heart pump at

Answer 10

Lub dub