Soc 13 Bones,joints,movements,ligaments Flashcards
What is Flexion?
Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts.
What is Extension?
Straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts.
What is Adduction?
Movement that pulls towards the midline of the body.
What is Abduction?
Movement that pulls away from the midline of the body.
What is Rotation?
Movement around a single axis or pivot point.
What is Circumduction?
Moving in a circular or conical shape.
What is Dorsi-flexion?
Bending or flexing the toes up, closer to the shin.
What is Plantar-flexion?
Extending or pointing the toes down, away from the shin.
Where does Flexion commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip, elbow.
Example: Someone working out in the gym bends their arm up when doing a bicep curl.
Where does Extension commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip.
Example: A swimmer swings the arm backwards in preparation for a racing dive.
Where does Adduction commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip.
Example: A golfer on the tee swings the club down towards the ball.
Where does Abduction commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip.
Example: A gymnast moves their arms out sideways at the shoulder when performing ‘the crucifix’ on the rings.
Where does Rotation commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip.
Example: A tennis player serves.
Where does Circumduction commonly occur?
Shoulder, hip.
Example: A cricketer bowls a ball.
Where does Dorsi-flexion commonly occur?
Ankle.
Example: A sprinter positions their feet in the starting blocks.
Where does Plantar-flexion commonly occur?
Ankle.
Example: A floor gymnast points their toes.
What are ligaments?
Ligaments are elastic fibres that join one bone to another, usually to hold things together and keep them stable.
What is the function of ligaments?
They keep your skeleton supported whilst allowing movement.
What are tendons?
Tendons are non-elastic fibres that attach muscle to bone, and help to move them.
What is the function of tendons?
Tendons let you apply power and movement.
How do tendons change with use?
Tendons grow in strength the more you use them.
