Soc 12 Flashcards
What is the skeletal system?
The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals.
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
- Protection of vital organs
- Muscle Attachment
- Joints for movement
- Storing Calcium and Phosphorus
- Red & White blood cell production
How does the skeletal system protect vital organs?
Bones protect vital organs. For example, the skull protects the brain and the ribs protect the internal organs, including the heart.
How does the skeletal system attach bones to muscles?
The muscles you use in sport need strong points to attach to and bones provide that framework.
Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
How does the skeletal system use joints for movement
Joints allow the body to make a variety of movements.
How does the skeletal system store calcium and phosphorus?
The bones act as a store for calcium and phosphorus, two minerals that are vital for developing and maintaining the strong and healthy bones you need for exercise.
How does the skeletal system utilise red & white blood cell production.
When the oxygen content drops, or the number or red blood cells goes down, your bone marrow makes more red blood cells.
What are the different sections of the vertebrae?
1 - Cervical (7)
2 - Thoracic (12)
3 - Lumbur (5)
4 - Sacrum (5 & Fused)
5 - Coccyx (4 & Fused)
What are the 4 Classification of Bones
- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Irregular Bones
- Flat Bones
What are long bones?
Long bones are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to be big, small bones like finger bones (phalanges) count as long bones. A long bone has a shaft and two ends.
What are short bones?
Short bones are generally the same size in length, width and thickness. The only short bones in the body are the carpals (cuffs) in the wrist and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
What are irregular bones?
Irregular bones have odd shapes and vary in function.
What are flat bones
Flat bones usually protect organs or offer a good surface for muscles to attach to.
What bone is on the skull/head?
Cranium
What bones is in the centre of the chest?
Sternum
What bone is on either side of the chest & down?
Ribs
What bone is on the shoulder?
Clavicle
What bone is on the upper-arm?
Humerus
What bone is on the inside of the forearm?
Ulna
What bone is on the outside of the forearm?
Radius
What bone is on the knee?
Patella
What bone is on the end of our toes and feet?
Phalanges
What bone is on the middle of the hand?
Metacarpals
What bone is at the bottom of the hand?
Carpals
What bone is on the outer-lower leg?
Fibula
What bone is on the inner-lower leg?
Tibia
What bone is on the upper leg?
Femur
What bone is on the knee?
Patella
What bone is on the inside of the forearm?
Ulna
What bone is on the oustide of the forearm?
Radius
What bone is on the shoulder blade?
Scapula
What bone is on the spine?
Vertebrae
What bone is on the hip?
Pelvis
What bone is on the heel?
Tarsals
What bone is on the toes?
Phalanges
What bone is on the middle of the foot?
Metatarsals
What are the long bones?
Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Tibia, Fibula, Femur, Metatarsals, Metacarpals, Phalanges
What are the short bones?
Carpals
Tarsals
What are the flat bones?
Sternum, clavicle, pelvis, ribs, patella, cranium
What is the irregular bone?
Vertebrae
