SOC: 11 Flashcards
What are performance enhancing drugs? ( PED’S )
A substance that can be taken in a variety of different ways to produce expected and welcome physical and / or physiological effects
Why do people take PED’S?
Improve their performance
Some are encouraged to do so by their coaches or fellow athletes
The reward of winning
Pressure
Anabolic steroids
Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle strength
Advantages of anabolic steroids
Used to enhance performance
Taken to increase muscle mass and develop bone growth
Makes recovery quicker
Disadvantages of anabolic steroids
Increased risk of muscle injury
Increased risk of heart attack or stroke
High blood pressure and even death
Beta blockers
Drugs that are used to control your heart rate and have a calm and relaxing effect
Advantages of beta blockers
Helps target sports where steadiness and precision are required, because they reduce your heart rate
Disadvantages of beta blockers
Can cause nausea, diarrhoea, tiredness, depression, insomnia and nightmares
Narcotics and analgesics
Drugs that effect mood or behaviour, including drowsiness and relieving pain
Benefits of narcotics and analgesics
these drugs act by depressing the central nervous system and give relief from painful injuries, but allowing the injured player to take part, they can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury
Disadvantages of narcotics and analgesics
Loss of coordination
loss of balance
loss of concentration and emotional effects
Diuretics
Used to increase the amount of urine production to increase kidney function
Benefits of diuretics
Aids athletes who need to lose weight quickly
Side effects of diuretics
Dehydration which leads to dizziness
Muscle cramps
Headaches
Nausea
Peptide hormones
Used to increase the number of red blood cells in the blood. Increases muscle growth and aids recovery from injury.
Benefits of peptide hormones
Increase muscle growth
Assists recovery from injury/ training sessions
Allows the body to carry extra oxygen, and disperse waste products and lactic acid
Side effects of peptide hormones
Blood becomes thicker, making it more difficult to pass through the capillaries and increases the risk of a heart attack.
Growth hormones
Used to increase their muscle development (very similar to steroids)
Benefits of growth hormones
Increases muscle growth
Side effects of growth hormones
Minimal side effects
Stimulants
Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/ or physical alertness
Benefits of stimulants
Increase the alertness enabling people to think more quickly
Overcome tiredness
Side effects of stimulants
Insomnia
irritability
irregular heart beat
increased heart rate and blood pressure
Blood doping
Boosting number of red blood cells in the blood stream in order to improve your performance
What athletes could use anabolic steroids?
Power lifter
Body builder
What athletes could use beta blockers?
Snooker player
Archery player
What athletes could use narcotics and analgesics?
Any active sport where you could be injured
What athletes could use diuretics?
A fighter
What athletes could use peptide hormones?
A boxer or fighter
What athletes could use growth hormones?
A wrestler or body builder
What athletes could use stimulants?
Most athletes could use stimulants
A football player
Tennis player
How do your reasons for exercise change when you get older?
As you get older, your bones get more brittle, meaning they are weaker and you lose muscle mass, causing a more sedentary lifestyle and the person doing less exercise
