SNORKELING Flashcards
it has a certain unique attraction to people of all ages. Children love to engage in
it to play, while adults alike would get lured to take a dip at the sight of a pool or the beach.
Water or aqua
in its most natural form, can be a great venue to relax, to work out to have fun, to pump up
the adrenaline and to challenge one’s limits.
water
3 characteristics of water
include buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, and enhanced cooling.
is the upward force of the water on an object. This is the reason why boats and people
float on water. It also gives a weightlessness feeling, which makes it easier to move, lift knees
or even jog in water (for some water activities).
Buoyancy
the pressure exerted by the water at equilibrium due
to the force of gravity. In other words, it is the weight of the water pressed down on the object.
Hydrostatic pressure,
is exerted on the body from all sides and this pressure, combined with
buoyancy, helps keeps standing balance in water. Water, therefore, helps people who have problems
with balance and coordination.
Hydrostatic pressure
characteristic that transfers heat away from the
body much quickly than air given in the same temperature. This is the reason we can stay longer
in water and can tolerate longer workouts without feeling being overheated.
enhanced cooling
the year when skin divers of the island crete in the mediterranean used hollow reeds to breather while submerged in water as they collected sponges
hollow reed 3000 B.C.
An ancient bas-relief dating 900 B.C. depicted divers in Assyria using animal skin filled with air to lengthen their stay underwater
9000 B.C. Animal skins were filled with air
Leonardo de Vinci proposed and created the first contemporary snorkel, ahollow tube designed attached to the leather-head helmet of the diver, allowing to breath even when face was submerged underwater. he also had a sketch of webbed swimming gloves, an idea that led to the modern-days fins
Hollowed tube and sketch of webbed swimming gloves 14000s
Benjamin Franklin came up with an idea of using wooden paddles attached to the hands and feet to help swimmers swim faster
Wooden paddles 1717
Modern fins were invented by Frenchmen Louis de Corlieu Patent for this was obtained in 1933
modern fins 1912
timeline outlines the events that lead to modern-day snorkeling.
Hollow Reed 3000 B.C.
Animal skins were filled with air 9000 B.C.
Hollowed tube and sketch of webbed swimming gloves 1400s
Wooden Paddles 1717
Modern FIns 1912
who proposed and created the first contemporary snorkel, ahollow tube designed attached to the leather-head helmet of the diver, allowing to breath even when face was submerged underwater. he also had a sketch of webbed swimming gloves, an idea that led to the modern-days fins
Leonardo de Vinci
came up with an idea of using wooden paddles attached to the hands and feet to help swimmers swim faster
Benjamin Franklin
went through different innovations in time. It became more refined
and more features were added and various designs have been introduced in the market.
Snorkeling equipment
3 basic gears
snorkel, goggles, and fins.
Other essential equipment, although
optional for some, are the
floating vest and rash guard.
serves as the viewing device in appreciating the world beneath the water.
Without the mask, everything viewed underwater will be blurred or distorted. The airspace created
in the ___ is what helps in seeing underwater.
mask
a condition where the soft tissues beneath
the mask, especially around the eyes, swell and discolor.
“mask squeeze”,
To equalize this pressure
one needs to exhale a little air through the nose, inside the
mask
two most important things to remember in choosing a mask.
fit and comfort
3 parts of the mask
- mask skirt
- strap
- nose pocket
is the soft flexible material that seals the mask around the face
mask skirt
holds the mask to the face underwater
strap
its cushions protects the nose
nose pocket
some masks have _____, a little flap valve located at the bottom of nose pocket that helps in removing the water that has entered the masks
purge valve
5 Steps/Tips for Choosing a Mask Step
Step 1: Choosing the Mask
Step 2: Testing the Mask
Step 3: Do the Suction Test
Step 4: Put the Mask on Fully
Step 5: Snorkel-Mask Fitting
which step = Observe feature of the face (narrow face, high nose, and the like) and pick a mask that looks
like the features of your face.
Step 1: Choosing the Mask
which step = Fit the mask on your face without putting the strap. Look in a mirror and check where the mask skirt lies. Is it too narrow around the sides of your eyes?
Step 2: Testing the Mask
which step = While the mask is on your face without putting the strap around the head. Let the strap rest
on top of the cover. Press the mask slightly to your face. Inhale a small amount of air through
your nose to suction it to your face, then release your hand.
Step 3: Do the Suction Test
which step = Try the mask on with its strap around your head. The strap should be high on the back of the
head, not resting on your ears as this might cause discomfort and pain. Having the strap loose and
too tight will both cause leak. If the mask left the red line around your face when you removed the
mask, then the seal is too fast, and the hood is not for you.
Step 4: Put the Mask on Fully
which step = With the mask on and strapped just right, put the snorkel in your mouth and sees what happens
to the seal. Some do not do this for fitting, but it can change the shape of your face and break
the seal of some masks. If it does, try another mask.
Step 5: Snorkel-Mask Fitting
An equipment that enables one to breathe at the surface while the face is submerged in water is
called a
Snorkel
is composed of a tube, also called the barrel and a mouthpiece. The
tube-end sticks out of the water while the mouthpiece goes in the mouth. It also has a clip
so it can be attached to the mask.
Snorkel
has the most essential part, the solid tube, and the mouthpiece. Sometimes,
this can be bendable to a specific shape.
classic snorkel
below the strap attachment point is more comfortable than the classic
snorkel.
The snorkel with a flexible tube
allows the top and mouthpiece
to rotate to different angles to better fit the face. It can also drop away from the face when not in use.
flexible tube
is a small valve lower than the mouth that empties the
collected water that comes down the tube when one blows it out.
purge valve.
prevents splashed water and sprays from
quickly entering the tube. However, this will not stop water from entering the tube when a big wave covers the snorkel or when one goes underwater.
splash guard
is a unique valve on top of the tube that
completely stops water (and air) from entering the tube
when a wave comes or when diving underwater. This way, one does not need to clear the water out when coming back to the surface.
dry valve
the principle behind what
the fins do.
Water resists or “pushes back” anything moving through it.
in swimming are what one gains in wearing fins. They provide the necessary locomotion to propel effortlessly in the water. Fins conserve more energy and, therefore, allow the snorkeler to reach farther distances.
Speed and efficiency
two basic kinds of fins
the full-foot fin
or
close fin and the adjustable fin or open fin.
cover the heel and are put on like slip-on shoes. They are easier to use, more flexible, and more efficient while swimming on the surface. These are popular among
warm-water dives.
full-foot fins
are open at the heel and have adjustable straps to
secure the feet. Such fins are often used with dive boots. They are good choices when diving in cold water, as the boots will help the feet from getting cold.
adjustable fins,
generally has a more rigid blade than the full-foot
fin, and it can provide a more forward thrust but requires more effort to use.
adjustable fins
a new sub-classification has also developed in
both full-foot and open- heel fins, namely, the
conventional or
paddle-bladed fins and the split fins.
have a single, full blade
paddle-bladed fins
is “semi-parted” in the web, separating the blade
into two long, stiff blades.
split fin
are small and inflatable, which provide more
buoyancy while floating on water. This helps a person in
consuming lesser energy when moving around. However, one must take note that snorkel vest is not
Snorkel vests
this recreational activity may require one to be under the sun for some time.
Snorkeling
time. To protect
the skin from the heat of the sun, one may use an excellent
biodegradable
sunscreen or a better choice will be wearing a long sleeve rash guard.
helps in keeping hair out of the snorkel and the face as well. It will also help in preventing the scalp from burning on a sunny day.
swimming cap
helps prevent the mask from fogging
up. Be sure to choose one that is non- toxic,
biodegradable, and alcohol-free for one’s protection
and the protection of marine life.
Mask Defogger
3 things
What should be done when the following problems arise?
Water is Filling the Mask
Water Entered the Snorkel
Pressure is Felt in the Ear
Benefits of Snorkeling
Snorkeling helps the overall fitness of a person.
Aside from having fun under the water swimming, doing the flutter kick and diving tones and trims the body.
It works out the quadriceps, hamstring, calves, ankles, hip, flexors, core muscles, and shoulders while swimming.
Above all, snorkeling builds greater lung capacity as one is forced to hold breath underwater for
sustained periods of time.
It increases the oxygen uptake, which is a positive indicator of aerobic fitness.
It is also a good cardiovascular workout as it increases heart rate and strengthens the heart muscle.
