Smoking Cessation and Alcohol Advice Flashcards
how much does alcohol misuse cost society?
21.5 billion
how much does drug misuse cost society?
10.7billion
in 2018-2019, how many hospital admissions were there, due to alcohol misuse?
how many aged 45-64?
how many male?
358 admissions = 2.1%
40% in that age cat
62% male
what are the general effects of alcohol misuse?
- stroke
- depression, anxiety and suicide
- heart disease
- high blood pressure
- liver disease
- colorectal cancer
- breast cancer
- harmful to unborn babies
what are the oral impacts of alcohol misuse?
- increase risk of oral cancer - 30% from alcohol
- irrigation of gum, tongue and tissue
- poor healing
- poor dental habits
- more decay
- poor compliance
- increase risk of periodontal disease
what are the general effects of smoking?
- increase risk of cancer
what are the oral impacts of smoking?
- 3x more risk increase risk of periodontitis, bone loss
- decreased wound healing
- increase risk of oral cancer - 60% from smoking
how does smoking and alcohol affect the cancer risk?
synergistic effect
- the combined effects is greater than individuals put together
why do oral changes occur from smoking?
irritants, toxins and carcinogens from burned tobacco
high intramural temperature
pH changes
- the homeostatic environment of oral cavity is changed
what current policies, guidance, resources and toolkits are there to support alcohol reduction? (4)
NICE guidleines
government guidelines
AUDIT-C TOOL - 3 questions
VBA - ask, advise, act
FRAMES
describe the AUDIT-C tool
alcohol use disorder identification test
- scores
- 0-4 - low risk, state 14 unit rule
- 5-7 - mid risk, think about consequences = hazardous
8-10 - mid risk = harmful
- 10+ - high risk = dependent - direct to GP or local support, give leaflets
3 questions
1. how often do you have a drink with alcohol
- monthly, 2-4 x a month, 2-3x a week, 4+ a week
2. how many units
- 3-4, 5-6, 7-9, 10+
3. how often do you have 6+ units (female) or 8+ (male) on a single occasion in the last year
- less than monthly, monthly, weekly, daily
describe the alcohol consumption of a abstainer and lower risk
abstainer - no alcohol
lower risk - no more than 14 units a week, with 2 alcohol free days
what current policies, guidance, resources and toolkits are there to support tobacco cessation?
evidence based toolkit
VBA - ask, advise, act
ask at every opportunity the smoking status
describe the 5 steps to The Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change)
- pre-contemplation
- people don’t see that there is an issue
- may be challenging - contemplation
- thinking about it but not planning to make change - action
- making a change - maintenance
- relapse
why can the transtheoretical model be criticised?
assumes everyone has a cyclical mindset and works in the same way
