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604 Nutrition > SMAMs > Flashcards

SMAMs Flashcards

1
Q

What SMAMs are carnivores?

A

ferrets

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2
Q

What SMAM are hystricomorph rodents?

A

guinea pigs and chinchillas

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3
Q

What SMAM is a herbivore and hindgut fermenter?

A

rabbit

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4
Q

What SMAM are myomorph rodents and omnivores?

A

rats, mice, gerbils, hamsters

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5
Q

Clinical crown

A

part of tooth you can see in the oral cavity

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6
Q

reserve crown

A

part of tooth you can’t see

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7
Q

Herbivore SMAM teeth

A

elodont/hypsodont

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8
Q

elodont

A

continuously growing and has no true root

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9
Q

What do you see on skull rads of an herbivore if they don’t have teeth roots?

A

germinal tissue

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10
Q

What are herbivores teeth adapted for?

A

grinding (hay)

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11
Q

Is this a normal rabbit rad?

A

yes (fermenting vat of hay)

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12
Q

What is the #1 component of a rabbit diet?

A

grass hay

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13
Q

What are the four components of a rabbit diet?

A
  1. Grass hay
  2. Produce (dark leafy greens)
  3. High-quality pellets
  4. Healthy treats
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14
Q

What is the only species that can absorb calcium without the presence of vitamin D?

A

rabbits

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15
Q

What animal excretes excess calcium via the urinary tract? Where do other species get rid of it from?

A

Rabbits excrete excess Ca2+ via the urine

[other species get rid of it via bile salts]

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16
Q

Why is alfalfa not a good hay for rabbits?

A

very high in protein and calcium

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17
Q

When could you feed alfalfa to rabbits?

A

during certain life stages (growth/lactation/pregnancy)

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18
Q

Consequence of feeding alfalfa to adult rabbits?

A

severe crystalluria

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19
Q

Can chinchillas have produce?

A

NO (VERY LITTLE), sensitive to dysbiosis and gas distension

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20
Q

What’s wrong with avocados?

A

they cause myocardial necrosis

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21
Q

Produce to avoid?

A

things that cause gas

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22
Q

Can you overfeed [dark] leafy greens?

A

not really (can examine on an individual basis but still not really)

23
Q
A

thumb = amount of vegetables
thumbnail = amount of fruit

24
Q

Best kind of pellet?

A

UNIFORM pellet (avoid choice)

25
Q

Purpose of pellets?

A

to add crucial vitamins and minerals for a complete diet

26
Q

Can chinchillas have alfalfa?

A

yeah but VERY little and probably just within the pellets

27
Q

What’s wrong with seeds?

A

really high in fat

28
Q

What’s wrong with yogurt drops?

A

1 ingredient is usually dextrose

29
Q

Can rabbits have raisins or cherries?

A

SMALL amount as a treat

30
Q

What enzyme do guinea pigs not have?

A

L-gulonolactone oxidase

31
Q

What additional supplement do guinea pigs need in their diet?

A

Vitamin C (they can’t make Vitamin C)

32
Q

Difference between rabbit and guinea pig pellets?

A

amount of Vitamin C

33
Q

Scurvy

A

lack of Vitamin C

34
Q

Urolithiasis in Guinea Pigs

A

likely due to oversupplementation of Vitamin C (but has not been proven yet)

35
Q

Worst way to supplement Vitamin C?

A

water-soluble

36
Q

Omnivore teeth are adapted for what?

A

crushing

37
Q

What kind of molars do omnivores have?

A

brachydont

38
Q

What kind of incisors do omnivore SMAMs have?

A

elodont

39
Q

2 Unique anatomic features of hamsters?

A
  1. cheek pouch
  2. ridge within the stomach to separate food storage and foregut fermentation
40
Q

Do omnivore SMAMs have a cecum?

A

Yes, but it is small

41
Q

Fermentation in omnivore SMAMs occurs where?

A

some hindgut, but elsewhere too

42
Q

1 component of the diet for myomorph rodents?

A

PELLETS

43
Q

Components of Myomorph Rodent Diets

A
  1. Pellets
  2. Treats
44
Q

Possible treat options for myomorph rodents?

A

meat, oatmeal, egg, okra, rice, apples (understand everything in moderation)

45
Q

What kind of teeth do ferrets have?

A

brachydont (true roots)

46
Q

Transit time of ferret GI?

A

2 hours!

47
Q

Why is ferret GI transit time so short?

A

not a high fiber diet, no cecum, very short tract

48
Q

What diet component needs to be limited in ferrets?

A

carbohydrates (low digestive capacity)

49
Q

Components of a Ferret Diet

A
  1. Carnivore formulated diet
  2. Treats (5%)
50
Q

Consequences of High Carbs in Ferrets?

A

urolithiasis (mostly cysteine), pancreatic beta cell tumors, IBD/GI lymphoma, periodontal disease

51
Q

pea flower

A

a replacement of grains for grain free diets but there’s carbs and it’s stimulating insulin and causing pancreatic tumors

52
Q

High quality ferret diet?

A

ideally first six ingredients are meat

53
Q

Can you give ferrets cat food?

A

yes!

54
Q

Best treat for ferret?

A

freeze-dried meat

604 Nutrition (15 decks)

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