Feed Processing Flashcards
Batch size?
1 ton or more
Macro ingredients are added in what units?
100lbs+
Microingredients are added in what units?
1-2lbs
3 Steps of Processing Feed
- Reduce Particle Size
- Mixing
- Cooking
Milling/Grinding
reduces particle size
Why do we reduce particle size?
improve nutrient availability and facilitate mixing
Types of Grinders
- Roller Mill
- Hammer Mill
Types of Mixers
- Ribbon
- Horizontal
- Vertical
Why is mixing so important?
ensuresequal distribution of nutrients, make every bite the same
Cooking Processes
- Extrusion
- Stem Flaking
Why do we cook some feeds?
again for nutrient availability and handling
Most common miller?
roller mill
Roller Mill
grain goes through rollers with divots on the surface reducing particle size to size of divot, top to bottom; rollers can be stacked; steam can be added
Hammer Mill
feed is beaten by hammers against a screen until the particle size is small enough to go through
Ribbon Mixer
paddles/screws/augers move within the mixer to stir feed
Are all mixers the same?
heck nah
Horizontal Ribbon Mixer
for grain
Horizontal TMR Mixer
for wet and/or roughage based diets
Vertical TMR Mixers
roughagebased diets; like an upside down kitchenaid
Pellet Mill (Extrusion)
steam cooks the starch; hot, wet feed drops in and shoved through a die, then chops off in pieces like the playdoh toy, then feed cools and hardens (pellet, kibble)
What % of cost in livestock production goes to feed?
60-75%
Quality Assurance
set of activities that ensure quality in processes; govern product development; prevention
Quality Control
set of activities that ensure quality in products; finished products; reactive (but still before being released)
QA Factors
Ingredients correct? Are the processors working correctly?
QC Factors
retain samples with a certain frequency, test storage, complete a feed or TMR (Total Mixed Ration) analysis
