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604 Nutrition > Large Animal Needs Lowe > Flashcards

Large Animal Needs Lowe Flashcards

1
Q

4 Macronutrients

A

Water
Energy
Fiber
Protein

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2
Q

Hierarchal Pyramid of Energy

A

Maintenance
Immune System
Lactation
Growth
Reproduction

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3
Q

What can alter the maintenance requirement?

A

temperature
stress
life stage
exercise
body size

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4
Q

In what species can antibodies cross the placenta?

A

primates and humans

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5
Q

Do younger animals have a higher or lower energy maintenance requirement?

A

higher

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6
Q

Highest immune energy needs occur in what life stage?

A

weaning (post-weaning)

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7
Q

Overall energy needs are highest when?

A

younger horses

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8
Q

Age vs Percent Body Fat

A

Higher in Age = Higher Body Fat

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9
Q

Body Fat vs Protein Accretion

A

Increase body fat = decrease protein accretion

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10
Q

Protein Accretion vs Amino Acid Requirements

A

decreased protein acccretion = decreased AA requirements

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11
Q

Which has higher AA requirements - younger or older animals?

A

younger

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12
Q

Energy Source for Monogastrics

A

Grain (seed of the grass - CORN, wheat, rice, barley)
Distiller’s Grains
Leftover Bakery Goods (granola bars, cake mix, stale bread)

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13
Q

Energy Source for Ruminants

A

Grass hay (technically legume hays too), including corn stalks, straw
you can also use grains (caution d/t fermentation and bacteria)

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14
Q

Fiber Source in Monogastrics

A

wheat middlings (outside of the wheat kernel), soybean hulls

fiber isn’t a huge concern in fiber

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15
Q

Fiber Source in Ruminants

A

roughage (corn stalks, straw)

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16
Q

Protein Source for Monogastrics

A

soybean meal, soybean byproducts, seed oils (soy, sunlower, canola)

17
Q

Protein Source for Ruminants

A

Distiller’s grains, soy byproducts (but not efficient), legume roughage, urea

18
Q

Protein Requirement in Dairy vs Beef Cows

A

MUCH higher in dairy

19
Q

Do ruminants have any B vitamin requirements?

A

NO (the rumen bacteria makes its own!)

20
Q

Fat Soluble Vitamins

A

A D E K

21
Q

How do monogastrics get their micronutrients?

A

SUPPLEMENTATION ONLY

22
Q

Fat Soluble Vitamin Source in Ruminants

A

green grass and sunshine

23
Q

What mineral is toxic to sheep?

A

COPPER

24
Q

Can you gve a cattle or swine feed to sheep?

A

NO there’s COPPER they gon DIE

25
Q

Limestone

A

great for providing calcium

26
Q

Soil Dependency and Trace Minerals

A

soil in different regions is made up of different stuff so you gotta customize it for the locality

27
Q

Distiller’s Grains

A

energy source for monogastrics
protein source for ruminants

604 Nutrition (15 decks)

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