Small Services Flashcards
A condition in which a clot forms under the nail, it varies in colour from (ma)roon to black.
(Hemorrhage-ruptured blood vessel-clot)
Hematoma
Risk factors: sudden blow to the nail bed, pressure from shoes
Treatment: don’t apply artificial nails, be gentle, soak in Epson salts
Part or all of the nail sheds and can affect one or more nails, this may happen during or after certain diseases, system upsets or diabetes.
Onychoptosis
Risk factors: can occur after syphilis, fever, system upsets
Treatment: refer to doctor, treat as a fragile nail
Ridges on the nail surface, looks like grooves on a (celer)y stalk.
Secleronychia
Risk factors: injury, iron deficiency
Treatment: can be buffed down, nail conditioner
Nails that are bitten enough to become deformed.
Phags bite nails
Onychophagy
Risk factors: nervous habit, acquired
Treatment: artificial nails, frequent manicures
The nail is blue, caused by poor circulation. (Cyan=purple)
Onychocyanosis
Risk factor: lack of oxygen
Treatment: regular manicures, refer to physician
Nail loosens from the nail bed, beginning at the free edge. May be caused by a sharp object puncturing the hyponychium.
(Loosens-lysis)
Onycholysis
Risk factors: eczema or psoriasis, prolonged immersion in water
Treatment: refer to doctor, keep nail bed dry
When seen on a caucasion it may be the sign of malignant (melano)ma.
(Melanin-darkening of nails)
Melanonychia
Risk factors: increased melanocytes
Treatment: refer to a doctor to treat malignant melanoma
As the nail grows toward the free edge, the nail curls inward. The nail bed is constricted within this curl.
Trumpet or pincer nail
Risk factors: caused by a bone spur on top of the underlying bone, inherited
Treatment: trim where possible, keep short
Shedding of the nail plate. May be caused by an infection, injury or chemotherapy.
(Mad- nail falls off)
Onychomadesis
Risk factors: severe systemic illness, chemotherapy treatments
Treatment: if no infection, regular manicure, if there is, don’t apply polish, refer to a doctor
Splits in the nail plate. May be caused by dryness.
Splits and hangs
Hangnail or agnail
Risk factors: dryness, nail biting
Treatment: cuticle oil, trim with cuticle nippers
The surface of the nail is flat, while one or both edges of the nail fold 90 degrees into the soft tissue of the nail groove.
Plicatured nail
Risk factors: injury to matrix, inherited
Treatment: trim & slightly round the corners
Soft, thin, white and curve down at the free edge.
Lac)taid-white
Onychomalacia
Risk factors: malnutrition, lack of vitamin B7
Treatment: gentle care, see physician, nail hardener
Nails turn in an upward direction at the free edge.
Koilanychia
Risk factors: congenital birth defect, lack of RBC
Treatment: keep nails trimmed, see physician
White spots on the nail caused by air that is trapped in the layers of the nail.
(Leukaemia- white spots)
Leuconychia
Risk factors: air trapped in layers of nail, deficiency in iron
Treatment: cannot be corrected, must grow out
Overgrowth of the nail length or thickness. (Cauxs longer and thicker) may curl inward, turn white or yellow
Onychauxis
Risk factors: may be caused by hormonal imbalance, diabetes, poor circulation. Most often seen in elderly.
Treatment: refer to a physician, wear comfortable footwear
