Facial Practical & business Flashcards
What are 3 benefits of facial massage?
- Stimulates blood & lymph circulation
- Helps muscle tone
- Cleanses skin of impurities
- Provides a sense of well being
What are 4 contraindications to facial massage?
- Contagious disease
- Open lesions, cuts, sores, abrasions
- Inflamed acne
- Sensitive skin
Why is it important to recommend homecare to your client?
-To be able to explain what the products & ingredients do
-Why they are effective
-Realistic expectations
-How to properly use products at home
80% of results are determined by daily, year round homecare
-Professional treatments will enhance and boost results, however proper daily care is most important for healthy/beautiful skin
Beside a monthly facial, why is season change a good time to have a facial?
- Weather changes promote oil production (summer, spring)
- Colder seasons promote more dryness (winter, fall)
- Therefore season changes are good times to get a facial to help with your skin during the changes in weather
T/F a product can be considered both a cosmetic and a drug.
True
How do you handle an adverse reaction?
- advise them to discontinue use of product
- seek medical care
Drug store:
- affordable, designed for a mass amount of people, general/common skin types ex; acne, oily, normal, less concentrated ingredients, poor performance, affordable manufacturing
Cosmetic counter:
- ability to customize for specific skin types and conditions, better ingredients but still some bad
Professional line:
- higher quality of performance ingredients, active agents, more effective and better results, concentrated and cost effective over time, expensive manufacturing (air controlled and tested multiple times) requires a licence or prescription
What are 5 contraindications to AHA’s?
- Hypersensitive skin
- Infected skin
- Sunburn
- Sun tanning
- Skin treated with accutane, retin-A, benzoyl peroxide
What skin benefits from AHA’s?
-Fine lines/wrinkles
-Oily prone skin
-Acne scarring
dry/dehydrated skin
-Hyper-keritinization or retention keratosis
-Pigmentation problems
What can happen with overuse of AHA’s?
- Not used long term
- Skin prone to sensitivities
- Prone to hyperpigmentation
- Damage basal cell layer
An esthetician is a beauty advisor. What should her professional appearance look like?
- Well-groomed hair
- Minimal accessories
- Well-groomed nails
- Proper uniform
- Minimal makeup
- Well taken care of skin
- Positive energy and a healthy lifestyle
What is the best approach to meet and greet your client?
-Professional yet genuine
-Discuss their needs
-Smile
-Introduce yourself, use their name, shake hand
-Confirm service
-Explain treatment
-Show them around the spa
-Focus on client, their comfort, informative
Be diligent, organized, skillful
What age does cell turnover slow down?
30 y/o
At what age is sebum production reduced?
40 y/o
What are the common characteristics of men’s skin?
- Larger pores - more active sebaceous glands
- Excess oil
- Numerous blackheads
- Can be dehydrated from harsh soaps, shampoos and hot showers
- Hyperpigmentation
- Crows feet, dark undereye circles
Treatment: steam, sensitive skin products, AHA’s and microdermabrasion can be contraindicated
List 5 benefits of a facial treatment:
- Deep cleanses
- Exfoliates
- Increases circulation/ detoxifies
- Relaxes senses, nerves, muscles
- Slows down symptoms of premature aging
- Address conditions such as dryness, oiliness, and redness
What can you do to maintain client retention?
- Building relationship: client name, about them, be friendly, listen to clients needs
- Give tour, introduce to people
- Re-book, reschedule more services
- Recommendations
List 6 ways to prevent premature aging:
- Don’t smoke
- Don’t drink/do drugs (nicotine decreases circulation)
- Good diet
- Reduce stress
- Exercise
- Balanced lifestyle
Treatment goal for dehydration:
Restore internal skin hydration and retain inner moisture by preventing transepidermal water loss (TEWL)
Ingredients good for dehydration: (know 5)
- Humectants
- Light to rich emollients based on skin types
- Shea butter
- Niacinamide
- Glycolic acid/glycerin
- Vit A and C
- Witch Hazel
- Hyaluronic acid
Treatment goal for mature skin:
- Help increase collagen synthesis improving the appearance of aging skin
- Some key ingredients also potent properties to restore, rejuvenate and protect cell membranes from oxidative damage, preventing collagen from being destroyed
Ingredients that are good for mature skin:
- Ceramides
- humectants/emollients
- Vit A, C, E
- Peptides
- Retinoids
- Retinol (vit A)
- Glycolic acid
- L-ascorbic acid
Treatment goal for sensitive skin:
Choosing products/ingredients to soothe, calm, reduce inflammation, heal and help restore the skin’s barrier function. Rosacea clients also benefit from these ingredients
Ingredients good for sensitive skin:
- Anti-inflammatory, soothing
- Anti-irritant
- Ceramides
- humectants/emollients
- Topical probiotics
- Green tea
- Licorice
- High in EFA’s (essential fatty acids)
- avoid essential oils, fragrance, colour agents and preservatives
Treatment goal for hyperpigmentation:
Use products with
- ingredients that will reduce heat/inflammation in the skin
- along with lighteners/brighteners
- to reduce pigmented areas
- & minimize melanin production. Recommend SPF.
Ingredients good for hyperpigmentation:
- Anti-inflammatory, soothing
- Retinoids/retinols
- lighteners/brighteners
- Tea tree oil
- Vit A, C
- Arbutin
- Green tea
- Lactic acid
Treatment goal for oily skin:
Reduce the overactivity of the oil glands, promote a healthy oil-water balance and keep pores from becoming clogged leading to acne
Ingredients good for oily skin:
-Hydroxy acid
-Humectants, light emollients
-Oil balancing/ regulating
clarifying/detoxifying
-Tea tree oil
-Vit A, C
-Witch hazel
-Salicylic acid
-Hyaluronic acid
How does pollution contribute to damaging effects on the skin?
- Pollution contributes to NO2. When NO2 comes into contact with the skin they cause PATHWAYS of inflammation
- PATHWAY #1 = melanocytes = which creates too much pigment → hyperpigmentation
- PATHWAY #2 = enzymes = which reabsorbs damaged collagen → enzymes removing more collagen then you have = fine lines and wrinkles
How does poor diet contribute to damaging effects on the skin?
- Dairy products = IGF-1 → inflammation
- Dairy products = increase in the amount of oil in your sebaceous glands secrete → clogged pores = acne
- Dairy products = harder for dead skin cells to clear out → inflammation
- Sugar = increase insulin and IGF-1 → inflammation, dryness, decreased colour, and wrinkles
- Caffeine = diuretic → causes water loss and dehydration
How does hormones contribute to damaging effects on the skin?
- Hormones = chemicals messengers to cells that are sent out from one to the other part of the body → decrease in number and decrease in ability with age
- Increase in age = Imbalance of hormones = excessive blood glucose → damage or destroy collagen and excessive free radicals → hyperpigmentation + oxidized damaged = changes in estrogen and progesterone
- Testosterone decrease = hyperpigmentation, thinning skin, uneven skin texture, and reduce skin firmness
How does stress contribute to damaging effects on the skin?
- Stress = secrete of hormones (aline, norepinephrine, cortisol) → psychological changes
- Increase of stress = influences normal cellular renewal cycles
- Increase of stress = dermal mast cells (WBC) become more reactive → release of large number of proinflammatory mediators = inflammation = redness
Internal effects on the skin:
- genetics
- free radicals
- vitamin deficiency
- hormones
- puberty
- aging
External effects on the skin:
- UV exposure
- tanning beds
- environmental exposure
- poor maintenance
- humidity
- allergies
*What are the requirements in registering your business?
- Inform potential customers
- Inform government about your plans
- Register business name
- Business licence
*Before application process check the following:
- Zoning division
- Building division - permit
- Fire inspection
- Health inspection
*What does a proper health inspection have to include?
- Hand washing sink (can be in bathroom)
- Reprocessing skin away from services (d + c)
- Sterilization log book
- Alcohol based hand rub (in service area)
- Must undertake health + safety training (required)
- must provide written consent forms for invasive procedures (signed and follow up)
*What is the purpose of having two sinks?
- One is for customer use & within doing services
- and the other is separate from your work area for cleaning items and personal use
*What’s a business account number for?
- Identifies your business to federal and provincial governments
- The ability to access several different accounts through a single registration
- HST (quarterly)
- Payroll deductions (monthly)
- Corporate income tax (monthly)
- import/export
What’s the difference between sole proprietorship and partnership businesses?
Sole Proprietorship:
- The spas are owned by one person
- Attorney will advise you with legal documents and obligations
- Accountant for ways your business may be registered for tax purposes
Partnership:
- Similar but with a co-owner
- Increased investment and growth
- Share the profits and debts
- Legal partnership is a must
What should the agreement state for a partnership business?
- Amount of money each invested at startup and after
- How profits and losses will be shared equally
- Duties/responsibilities of each partner and hours involved each week
- Both signatures should be on a cheque
- Actions on how to dissolved if one partner would like to depart the business
- weekly/monthly meetings for spa operations and financing
Incorporation:
- Your business is separate from you
- More legal documentation with the government
- Articles of incorporation (signed, completed, approved)
- Generate profit by selling ownership or shares
- Director to represent shareholders
- Minutes of meetings need to be documented by law
*What percentage can you use as your spa in your home?
- 25% of your total square feet but not over 300 sf
- Garage cannot be used
- Floor plan needed
*Items for consideration for home based businesses:
- No personal dwelling area
- Parking for your clients
- 2 sq ft sign mounted on the front of your house
- 1 additional employee only
- 4 max clients at a time
- Pets, reptiles are not allowed in service area
- Tidy and clear pathways from driveway to your spa
- Separate entrance
- Avoid strong odours
- Insurance for your business
What is the description of a booth or room rental:
- When an esthetician rents a room in a spa/salon
- Working when your clients want you to be available
Booth or room rental details?
- Rents a room/space in a spa from salon owner
- *Responsible for her own clientele, furniture, advertising, towels, insurance supplies, record keeping, telephone line and accounting
- Pays the salon owner a weekly/monthly fee
- Becomes her own boss for relatively small amount of money
Franchise Ownership:
- Form of business in which a firm that is already successful enters into a continuing contractual relationship with other business owners for a fee
- Offers the advantage of a known name or brand recognition
*The new franchise owner is required to adapt and adhere to all rules, what will ensure that all locations have the same profile?
- Layout and look
- Promotions and marketing
- Menu services and prices
- Informs and clinical wear
- Logo
- Advertising
- Mission statement
Mobile requirements:
- Health inspection
- Inspection of head location
- Where equipment is repossessed and stored
- Where vehicle is stored
- May visit one location where services is being provided
