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Semester 2 Exams > Facial Practical & business > Flashcards

Facial Practical & business Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 benefits of facial massage?

A
  • Stimulates blood & lymph circulation
  • Helps muscle tone
  • Cleanses skin of impurities
  • Provides a sense of well being
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2
Q

What are 4 contraindications to facial massage?

A
  • Contagious disease
  • Open lesions, cuts, sores, abrasions
  • Inflamed acne
  • Sensitive skin
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3
Q

Why is it important to recommend homecare to your client?

A

-To be able to explain what the products & ingredients do
-Why they are effective
-Realistic expectations
-How to properly use products at home
80% of results are determined by daily, year round homecare
-Professional treatments will enhance and boost results, however proper daily care is most important for healthy/beautiful skin

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4
Q

Beside a monthly facial, why is season change a good time to have a facial?

A
  • Weather changes promote oil production (summer, spring)
  • Colder seasons promote more dryness (winter, fall)
  • Therefore season changes are good times to get a facial to help with your skin during the changes in weather
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5
Q

T/F a product can be considered both a cosmetic and a drug.

A

True

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6
Q

How do you handle an adverse reaction?

A
  • advise them to discontinue use of product

- seek medical care

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7
Q

Drug store:

A
  • affordable, designed for a mass amount of people, general/common skin types ex; acne, oily, normal, less concentrated ingredients, poor performance, affordable manufacturing
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8
Q

Cosmetic counter:

A
  • ability to customize for specific skin types and conditions, better ingredients but still some bad
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9
Q

Professional line:

A
  • higher quality of performance ingredients, active agents, more effective and better results, concentrated and cost effective over time, expensive manufacturing (air controlled and tested multiple times) requires a licence or prescription
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10
Q

What are 5 contraindications to AHA’s?

A
  • Hypersensitive skin
  • Infected skin
  • Sunburn
  • Sun tanning
  • Skin treated with accutane, retin-A, benzoyl peroxide
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11
Q

What skin benefits from AHA’s?

A

-Fine lines/wrinkles
-Oily prone skin
-Acne scarring
dry/dehydrated skin
-Hyper-keritinization or retention keratosis
-Pigmentation problems

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12
Q

What can happen with overuse of AHA’s?

A
  • Not used long term
  • Skin prone to sensitivities
  • Prone to hyperpigmentation
  • Damage basal cell layer
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13
Q

An esthetician is a beauty advisor. What should her professional appearance look like?

A
  • Well-groomed hair
  • Minimal accessories
  • Well-groomed nails
  • Proper uniform
  • Minimal makeup
  • Well taken care of skin
  • Positive energy and a healthy lifestyle
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14
Q

What is the best approach to meet and greet your client?

A

-Professional yet genuine
-Discuss their needs
-Smile
-Introduce yourself, use their name, shake hand
-Confirm service
-Explain treatment
-Show them around the spa
-Focus on client, their comfort, informative
Be diligent, organized, skillful

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15
Q

What age does cell turnover slow down?

A

30 y/o

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16
Q

At what age is sebum production reduced?

A

40 y/o

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17
Q

What are the common characteristics of men’s skin?

A
  • Larger pores - more active sebaceous glands
  • Excess oil
  • Numerous blackheads
  • Can be dehydrated from harsh soaps, shampoos and hot showers
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Crows feet, dark undereye circles

Treatment: steam, sensitive skin products, AHA’s and microdermabrasion can be contraindicated

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18
Q

List 5 benefits of a facial treatment:

A
  • Deep cleanses
  • Exfoliates
  • Increases circulation/ detoxifies
  • Relaxes senses, nerves, muscles
  • Slows down symptoms of premature aging
  • Address conditions such as dryness, oiliness, and redness
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19
Q

What can you do to maintain client retention?

A
  • Building relationship: client name, about them, be friendly, listen to clients needs
  • Give tour, introduce to people
  • Re-book, reschedule more services
  • Recommendations
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20
Q

List 6 ways to prevent premature aging:

A
  • Don’t smoke
  • Don’t drink/do drugs (nicotine decreases circulation)
  • Good diet
  • Reduce stress
  • Exercise
  • Balanced lifestyle
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21
Q

Treatment goal for dehydration:

A

Restore internal skin hydration and retain inner moisture by preventing transepidermal water loss (TEWL)

22
Q

Ingredients good for dehydration: (know 5)

A
  • Humectants
  • Light to rich emollients based on skin types
  • Shea butter
  • Niacinamide
  • Glycolic acid/glycerin
  • Vit A and C
  • Witch Hazel
  • Hyaluronic acid
23
Q

Treatment goal for mature skin:

A
  • Help increase collagen synthesis improving the appearance of aging skin
  • Some key ingredients also potent properties to restore, rejuvenate and protect cell membranes from oxidative damage, preventing collagen from being destroyed
24
Q

Ingredients that are good for mature skin:

A
  • Ceramides
  • humectants/emollients
  • Vit A, C, E
  • Peptides
  • Retinoids
  • Retinol (vit A)
  • Glycolic acid
  • L-ascorbic acid
25
Q

Treatment goal for sensitive skin:

A

Choosing products/ingredients to soothe, calm, reduce inflammation, heal and help restore the skin’s barrier function. Rosacea clients also benefit from these ingredients

26
Q

Ingredients good for sensitive skin:

A
  • Anti-inflammatory, soothing
  • Anti-irritant
  • Ceramides
  • humectants/emollients
  • Topical probiotics
  • Green tea
  • Licorice
  • High in EFA’s (essential fatty acids)
  • avoid essential oils, fragrance, colour agents and preservatives
27
Q

Treatment goal for hyperpigmentation:

A

Use products with

  • ingredients that will reduce heat/inflammation in the skin
  • along with lighteners/brighteners
  • to reduce pigmented areas
  • & minimize melanin production. Recommend SPF.
28
Q

Ingredients good for hyperpigmentation:

A
  • Anti-inflammatory, soothing
  • Retinoids/retinols
  • lighteners/brighteners
  • Tea tree oil
  • Vit A, C
  • Arbutin
  • Green tea
  • Lactic acid
29
Q

Treatment goal for oily skin:

A

Reduce the overactivity of the oil glands, promote a healthy oil-water balance and keep pores from becoming clogged leading to acne

30
Q

Ingredients good for oily skin:

A

-Hydroxy acid
-Humectants, light emollients
-Oil balancing/ regulating
clarifying/detoxifying
-Tea tree oil
-Vit A, C
-Witch hazel
-Salicylic acid
-Hyaluronic acid

31
Q

How does pollution contribute to damaging effects on the skin?

A
  • Pollution contributes to NO2. When NO2 comes into contact with the skin they cause PATHWAYS of inflammation
  • PATHWAY #1 = melanocytes = which creates too much pigment → hyperpigmentation
  • PATHWAY #2 = enzymes = which reabsorbs damaged collagen → enzymes removing more collagen then you have = fine lines and wrinkles
32
Q

How does poor diet contribute to damaging effects on the skin?

A
  • Dairy products = IGF-1 → inflammation
  • Dairy products = increase in the amount of oil in your sebaceous glands secrete → clogged pores = acne
  • Dairy products = harder for dead skin cells to clear out → inflammation
  • Sugar = increase insulin and IGF-1 → inflammation, dryness, decreased colour, and wrinkles
  • Caffeine = diuretic → causes water loss and dehydration
33
Q

How does hormones contribute to damaging effects on the skin?

A
  • Hormones = chemicals messengers to cells that are sent out from one to the other part of the body → decrease in number and decrease in ability with age
  • Increase in age = Imbalance of hormones = excessive blood glucose → damage or destroy collagen and excessive free radicals → hyperpigmentation + oxidized damaged = changes in estrogen and progesterone
  • Testosterone decrease = hyperpigmentation, thinning skin, uneven skin texture, and reduce skin firmness
34
Q

How does stress contribute to damaging effects on the skin?

A
  • Stress = secrete of hormones (aline, norepinephrine, cortisol) → psychological changes
  • Increase of stress = influences normal cellular renewal cycles
  • Increase of stress = dermal mast cells (WBC) become more reactive → release of large number of proinflammatory mediators = inflammation = redness
35
Q

Internal effects on the skin:

A
  • genetics
  • free radicals
  • vitamin deficiency
  • hormones
  • puberty
  • aging
36
Q

External effects on the skin:

A
  • UV exposure
  • tanning beds
  • environmental exposure
  • poor maintenance
  • humidity
  • allergies
37
Q

*What are the requirements in registering your business?

A
  • Inform potential customers
  • Inform government about your plans
  • Register business name
  • Business licence
38
Q

*Before application process check the following:

A
  • Zoning division
  • Building division - permit
  • Fire inspection
  • Health inspection
39
Q

*What does a proper health inspection have to include?

A
  • Hand washing sink (can be in bathroom)
  • Reprocessing skin away from services (d + c)
  • Sterilization log book
  • Alcohol based hand rub (in service area)
  • Must undertake health + safety training (required)
  • must provide written consent forms for invasive procedures (signed and follow up)
40
Q

*What is the purpose of having two sinks?

A
  • One is for customer use & within doing services

- and the other is separate from your work area for cleaning items and personal use

41
Q

*What’s a business account number for?

A
  • Identifies your business to federal and provincial governments
  • The ability to access several different accounts through a single registration
  • HST (quarterly)
  • Payroll deductions (monthly)
  • Corporate income tax (monthly)
  • import/export
42
Q

What’s the difference between sole proprietorship and partnership businesses?

A

Sole Proprietorship:

  • The spas are owned by one person
  • Attorney will advise you with legal documents and obligations
  • Accountant for ways your business may be registered for tax purposes

Partnership:

  • Similar but with a co-owner
  • Increased investment and growth
  • Share the profits and debts
  • Legal partnership is a must
43
Q

What should the agreement state for a partnership business?

A
  • Amount of money each invested at startup and after
  • How profits and losses will be shared equally
  • Duties/responsibilities of each partner and hours involved each week
  • Both signatures should be on a cheque
  • Actions on how to dissolved if one partner would like to depart the business
  • weekly/monthly meetings for spa operations and financing
44
Q

Incorporation:

A
  • Your business is separate from you
  • More legal documentation with the government
  • Articles of incorporation (signed, completed, approved)
  • Generate profit by selling ownership or shares
  • Director to represent shareholders
  • Minutes of meetings need to be documented by law
45
Q

*What percentage can you use as your spa in your home?

A
  • 25% of your total square feet but not over 300 sf
  • Garage cannot be used
  • Floor plan needed
46
Q

*Items for consideration for home based businesses:

A
  • No personal dwelling area
  • Parking for your clients
  • 2 sq ft sign mounted on the front of your house
  • 1 additional employee only
  • 4 max clients at a time
  • Pets, reptiles are not allowed in service area
  • Tidy and clear pathways from driveway to your spa
  • Separate entrance
  • Avoid strong odours
  • Insurance for your business
47
Q

What is the description of a booth or room rental:

A
  • When an esthetician rents a room in a spa/salon

- Working when your clients want you to be available

48
Q

Booth or room rental details?

A
  • Rents a room/space in a spa from salon owner
  • *Responsible for her own clientele, furniture, advertising, towels, insurance supplies, record keeping, telephone line and accounting
  • Pays the salon owner a weekly/monthly fee
  • Becomes her own boss for relatively small amount of money
49
Q

Franchise Ownership:

A
  • Form of business in which a firm that is already successful enters into a continuing contractual relationship with other business owners for a fee
  • Offers the advantage of a known name or brand recognition
50
Q

*The new franchise owner is required to adapt and adhere to all rules, what will ensure that all locations have the same profile?

A
  • Layout and look
  • Promotions and marketing
  • Menu services and prices
  • Informs and clinical wear
  • Logo
  • Advertising
  • Mission statement
51
Q

Mobile requirements:

A
  • Health inspection
  • Inspection of head location
  • Where equipment is repossessed and stored
  • Where vehicle is stored
  • May visit one location where services is being provided

Semester 2 Exams (8 decks)

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