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GIT > Small Intestine > Flashcards

Small Intestine Flashcards

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1
Q

Extent of small intestine

A

Pylorus-Ileocecal junction

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2
Q

What plicae circularis/ Valvesd of kerching

A

Complete/incomplete circles that slow down the contents of intestine for more absorbtion

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3
Q

Where are plicae circularis mostly present

A

Most in jejunum, decrease progressively and disappear distally
Consist of intestinal mucosa and core of submucosa

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4
Q

Crypts of leihburken

A 
Simple tubular glands open between villi
Lie on mucous membrane
Upper half had goblet cells
lower half has paneth cells
They dsecrete digestive enzymes and mucus
highly mitotic
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5
Q

Brunners glands

A

Lie in submucosa
Small compund tubuloacinar
Mostly in Duodenum

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6
Q

What are the two types of Lymphatic follicles in small intestine

A

Solitary-present throughout

Aggregated (Peyers patches)- Present in lamina propria of ileum [Get ulcerated in typhoid]

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7
Q

Blood supply of jejenum and ileum

A

Jejunal and ileal branches via Superior mesentric

Vasa recta supplies the muscular coat

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8
Q

Nerve supply of jejenum and ileum

A

T9-T11
Vagi
> Myenteric plexus of Aurbach

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9
Q

Lymphatics of small intestine are called

A

Lacteals that drain intro mesentry and aortic nodes

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10
Q

Types of cells present in the small intestine

A
  1. Enterocytes-Absorbtive
  2. Goblet cells- mucus secreting
  3. Paneth cells-Antimicorbial/phagocytic contain defensins
  4. M cells- antigen transporting cells
  5. Enteroendocrine cells- secrete peptides and amines
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11
Q

Whats the coating of microvilli

A

Glycocalyx- Lactase, maltase, peptidase, enterokinase

Absence of lactase- Lactose intolerance

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12
Q

Epithelium of intestinal mucosa

A

Simple columnar

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13
Q

Specialized cells present in Muscularis externa of small intestine are?

A

Intestinal cells of Cajal- Specialized for GI motility

Pacemaker cells

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14
Q

`Duodenum is present at the level

A

L1-L3 , retroperitoneal

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15
Q

Relations of 1st par of Duodenum

A

Anteriorly- liver, gallbladder
Posteriorly- Portal vein, bile duct
Superiorly- Epiploic foramen
Inferiorly- Pancreas

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16
Q

Relations of 2nd part

A

Anteriorly- Liver, transverse colon
Posteriorly- Right kidney, renal vessles, psoas major
Medially- pancreas and bile duct
Laterally-Right colic flexure

17
Q

Blood supply of 1st part of duodenum

A

Right gastric, artery of wilke . retroduodenal arteries

18
Q

Relations of 3rd part

A

Anteriorly- superior mesentric vessels. mesentry
Posteriorly- Ureter. psoas major, genital vessels, inf vena cava
Superiorly- Uncinate process
Inferiorly- jejenum

19
Q

Relations of 4th part

A

Anteriorly- transverse colon and mesocolon, lesser sac
Posteriorly- Left sympathetic chain, gonadal arteries
Right- root of mesentry
Left- left kidney and ureter

20
Q

Ligament of triez

A

Fibromuscular band that suspends and supports duodenal flexure
Extends : Right crus of diaphram till duodenal flexure
Stiped fibres- upper part
Elastic fibres- middle part
Plain fibers- lower part

21
Q

Blood supply of Duodenum

A
  1. superior pancreaticoduodenal via celiac trunk - upto the opening
  2. inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery via superior mesentric- below the opening
22
Q

Nerve supply of duodenum

A

sns- T9+ 10th spinal nerve

23
Q

Most common site for peptic ulcer

A

1st part

24
Q

Moat common site of diverticula

A

Concave border

25
Q

Stenosis/Obstruction is common in

A

2nd part

26
Q

Lymphatics of duodenum drain to

A

Pancreaiticoduodenal nodes
>Hepatics>Celiac nodes
>Superior mesentric>cisterna chyli

27
Q

Common site for peptic ulcer

A

1st part of duodenum

28
Q

Duodenal ulcer

A

relieved by meals and reappears on empty stomach

29
Q

what may become adherent to duodenum in case of ulcer

A

liver and gallbladder

30
Q

Duodenal obstruction may be due to

A
  1. entry of bile duct
  2. annular pancreas
  3. pressure of superior mesentric artery
  4. contraction of suspensory muscle
  5. carcinoma
31
Q

Acute inflammation of Meckles diverticulum produces symptoms resembling

A

appendicitis

32
Q

Intestinal obstructuion is due to which type of ulcers

A

Tuberculer

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