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GIT > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

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1
Q

Undue stretching of Anterior Abdominal wall leads to white marks called?

A

Linea Albicans

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2
Q

Normal Postion of Umblicus is?

A

Anterior midline between L3 and L4

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3
Q

Skin around the Umblicus is supplied by?

A

t10

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4
Q

Portocaval Anastamoses of Umblicus dilate and radiate in Portal hypertension to form?

A

Caput Medusae

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5
Q

Umblicus is the meeting point of?

A

4 folds of embryonic plate- lateral, head and tail

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6
Q

Umblicus is the meeting point of which 3 systems?

A

Digestive (Vitellointestinal” , Excretory (urachus) and Vascular (umblical vessels)

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7
Q

Remnant of vitellointestinal Duct forms which tumor?

A

Rasberyy red/ cherry red tumor at umblicus

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8
Q

Persistence if Vitellointestinal duct forms?

A

Fecal fistula

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9
Q

Persistence of PROXIMAL part of Vitellointestinal duct is

A

Meckels diverticulum

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10
Q

Persistemce of MIDDLE part of Vitellointestinal duct is

A

Enterocele

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11
Q

Persistence of Urachus forms

A

Urinary fistula

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12
Q

Superficial fascia of Anterior Abdominal wall is divided intno

A

Superficial fatty layer (Camper)

Deep membranous layer (Scarpa)

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13
Q

Extravasation of Urine is prevented by

A

Holdens line- Attatchment of scarpa and colles fascia

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14
Q

Membranous layer forms which 2 ligaments in midline

A

Suspensory ligament and fundifor ligament of penis or clitoris

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15
Q

Contents of superficial fascia are

A

Nerves, vessles, lymphatics

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16
Q

Skin of anterior Abdominal wall is supplied by

A

T7-T12 (lower 5 intercoastal and subcoastal) and L1 (iliohypogastric) –> 7 anterior cutanous and 2 lateral cutaneous( T10,T11)
T7- Near xiphoid process
T10- Umblicus
L1-above superficial inguinal ring

17
Q

Blood supply of Anterior Abdominal Wall is

A
  1. Anterior Cutaneous via epigastric arteries
  2. Lateral Cutaneous via Lower intercoastal arteries
  3. Superficial inguinal artery via femoral artery (skin of lower part of abdomen)
  4. superficial epigastric (Umblicus)
  5. SuperficiaL External Pudendal (external genitalia)
  6. Superficial circumflex iliac (skin of abdomen and thigh)
18
Q

Cutaneous veins of Anterior Abdominal wall drain into

A

Superficial inguinal > Great saphenous

19
Q

Which veins open up in vena caval obstructions

A

Thoracoepigastric

-flows backwards in superior ven caval obstructopm breaking watershed barrier

20
Q

Lymphatics of Ant. abdominal wall drain to

A

Above umblicus- axillary nodes

Bellow umblicus- superficial inguinal nodes

21
Q

What is the rectus sheath

A

Aponeurotic sheath covering rectus abdominis formed by decussating fibres of the 3 abdominal muscles (external and internal oblique, transversus abdominis)

22
Q

What are anterior and posterior rectus sheath formed of

A

Anteriorly- both leaves of external oblique and ant. leaf of internal oblique

Posteriory- Post. leaf of internal oblique and both leaves of transverus abdominis

23
Q

What are the 3 abdominal muscles called

A

Digastric

24
Q

what is linea alba

A

Tendinous raphe between xiphoid process and pubic symphysis. central tendon of 3 abdominal muscles

25
Q

What is fasica transversalis? its relations?

A

Part of fascia lning inner surface of transversus abdominis

  1. anteriorly- linea alba
  2. posteriorly- merges with thoracolumnar fascia and continous with renal fascia
  3. superiorly- diaphragmatic fascia
  4. interiorly- fascia iliaca
26
Q

Inguinal canal and boundaries

A

Oblique intermuscular passage in lower ant abdominal wall above medial half of inguinal ligament. deep to superficial inguinal ring
Walls:
1. Ant- skin, fascia, external and internal oblique aponeurorsis
2. Post- fascia transversalis, extraperitoneal tissue, peritonuem, conjoint tendon
3. Roof- fibers of transversus abdominis and INternal oblique
4. Floor- inguinal and lacunar ligament

27
Q

Structures passing through inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord/ round ligament

ilioinguinal nerve

28
Q

Direct and indirect/oblique hernia

A

Indirect- Occurs due to patency of processus vaginalis

Dirct- through hasselbachs triangle via post wall of inguinal canal

29
Q

Extent of Ant Abdominal Wall

A

Superiorly- Xiphoid process, Costal cartiledges 7-12

Inferiorly- Pubic crest

30
Q

Inguinal ligament is formed by

A

Lower border of external oblique aponeurosis thicked and folded on itself

31
Q

Attatchments of inguinal ligament

A

Lower border- fascia lata

upper surface- gives rise to
internal oblique-lateral 2/3rd
transversus abdominis-latera; 1/3rd

32
Q

Conjoint tendon is formed by

A

fusion of the lower aponeuortic fibres of internal oblique and transversus abdominis

33
Q

Visceroptosis

A

Decreased tone of anterior abdominal wall muscles leading to protusuion of the wall

34
Q

Tuburcular infection of lung pleura may cause radiating pain in

A

Anterior abdominal wall due to same supply T7-L1

35
Q

swelling below and lateral to pubic tubercle

A

femoral hernia

36
Q

Common site for paracentesis

A

midway between umblicus and pubic symphysis

37
Q

Board like rigidity

A

Anterior abdominal wall muscles remain contracted due to peritonitis

GIT (16 decks)

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