Slide 26

Question 1

Frederick Clements vs Henry Gleason

Answer 1

Clements: emphasized overall structure of communities as stable and predictable and eventually reaching a climax (dominant) community

Gleason: emphasized that chance also plays a role in which specific species tend to live in particular communities

Question 2

What do we want to know about disturbances (3)

Answer 2

1. Type
2. Frequency
3. Severity

Question 3

Term for recovery of community after a disturbance

Answer 3

Succession

Primary (soil removed)
Secondary (soil intact)

Question 4

In which type of succession is soil intact

Answer 4

Secondary succession

Question 5

Name the four species after disturbance

Answer 5

1. Pioneering species
   - weedy
2. Early successional community
   - herbaceous species
3. Mid successional community
   - shrubs
4. Climax community
   - mature tree

Question 6

If a particular species influences biodiversity a lot, what is this species called?

Answer 6

Keystone species

Question 7

Example of keystone predator

Answer 7

Starfish (pisaster ochraceous)

Question 8

Example of keystone prey

Answer 8

Mussels (mytilus californianus)

Question 9

Today’s threats to biodiversity

Answer 9

1. Invasive species
2. Destruction/fragmentation of habitat
3. Climate change

Question 10

Human-mediated dispersal of invasive species causes Endemic extinctions (3)

Answer 10

Asian Long-horned beetle
Zebra Mussle
Kudzu plant