Slide 15

Question 1

Do smaller or larger populations experience greater genetic drift

Answer 1

Smaller

Question 2

Basic concepts of genetic drift

Answer 2

• Smaller populations are effected more
• Time it takes for a neutral allele to go to fixation increases proportionally with size
• Probability of fixing an allele is solely dependent on its frequency in the population

P = 1/(2N)

Question 3

Briefly describe what inbreeding depression is, and how population size affects inbreeding depression

Answer 3

Inbreeding depression leads to homozygous at loci (in large populations, most individuals are heterozygote at loci). Inbreeding leads to deleterious homozygotes more often

Question 4

2 negative consequences of founder effects and bottlenecks

Answer 4

• Increase in deleterious alleles and inbreeding depression
• Inability to respond to changing environmental conditions

Question 5

How can differences in allelic frequencies occur due to

Answer 5

1. Divergent selection
2. Genetic drift

Question 6

Define gene flow

Answer 6

Exchange and incorporation of alleles into gene pools of different populations

Question 7

What effect does gene flow have on genetically diverged populations?

Answer 7

Reduces genetic differentiation

Question 8

Conditions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Answer 8

1. No natural selection
2. No sexual selection
3. No genetic drift
4. No migration/mutation