Sleep Apnoea And Narcoplesy Flashcards
What is obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome?
Episodes of upper airway obstruction leading to apnoea during sleeping.
What are the characteristics of obstructive sleep apnoea?
Heavy snoring
Typically unrefreshing sleep
Daytime sleepiness
Poor daytime concentration
What factors contribute to a repeated closure of the upper airways?
Muscle relaxation
Narrow pharynx
Obesity
What does repeated closure of the upper airway lead to if the airways are fully closed?
Oxygen desaturation
What does repeated closure of the upper airway lead to if the airways arent fully closed?
Snoring
What is anapnoea?
When the airway is closed for 10 second or more
What is a hypopnea?
When it is nearly obstructed for 10 seconds or more
What is the consequence of apnoea and hypopneas?
The brain is working hard to move the person from deep sleep to light sleep.
What is a microarousel?
When the brain works hard to move the person from deep sleep to light sleep.
What are the consequence of frequent microarousels?
Poor concentration and daytime sleeping
Why are obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome important?
Impaired quality of life
Increased road traffic accidents
Also linked with hypertension, increased risk of stroke and heart disease.
What is the prevalence of sleep apnoea?
2% of adult men and 1% of adult women approx
How is obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome diagnosed?
History and examination
Epworth questionarre
Overnight sleep study (pulse oximetry, limited sleep studies and full polysomnography)
How is obstructive sleep apnoea graded?
Desaturation rate: 0-5 Normal 5-15 Mild 15-30 Moderate >30 Severe
How is obstructive sleep apnoea treated?
Identifying exacerbating factors (weight loss, alcohol reduction, diagnose and treat endocrine disorder)
Continuous positive airways pressure
Malibu are repositioning splint
