Cardiothoracic Surgery In Non Malignant Situation Flashcards
What is a teretoma?
It contains cells that aren’t found in that organ or area
What is a hamartoma?
It’s a build of tissue that belongs to the organ.
What are the neural tumours linked with?
The intercostal nerves in the thorax
Which type of pneumothorax is operated on?
Mostly primary
What is the treatment for a patient with an open pneumothorax?
Wet rag and place over hole, but allow some air to escape.
What Are indications for surgery in pneumothorax?
Recurrence
Persistence - still leaking air 7 days after the drain has been inserted.
Sometimes after one episode
What is the normal surgical method for pneumothorax?
Talcon pleurodesis
What are brinchigenic cysts?
It causes symptoms by pressing on the trachea or the oesophagus. It is present from birth. Belongs to foregut duplication cysts
.
When in lung transplantation used?
Cystic fibrosis (double lung transplant) Pulmonary fibrosis - idiopathic Emphysema - alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
What are the criteria for lung transplantation?
Age less than sixty five Not overweight Not diabetic No renal failure No mental illness Good social support
What can cause lung abscesses?
Pneumonia
PTE
Lung Cancer
Septic Emboli
Aspiration
What is an abscess?
Collection of pus surrounded by granulation tissue
What are the 2 ways in which pus comes out the lungs?
Comes through the pleural cavity
Comes into the main airway and the patient coughs it up
If the pus coughed up has a pungent smell what does this indicate?
That it is an anaerobic bacteria causing the problem
What is empyema?
When there is pus in the pleural space
What is empyema more commonly due to?
pneumonia
In empyema what process occurs?
Inflammatory process
Prevents the lungs expanding
What is a pleurectomy?
When the visceral pleural is peeled off the lungs surface
This can be difficult
Easier in young people as the lung will heal
Will the CXR after a pleurectomy go back to normal?
No as there will always be a loss of volume on the affected lung
What are the different thymic tumours?
Thymoma
Thymolipoma
Thymic carcinoma
Carcinoid Tumours
Lymphoma
Why is it likely to remove benign tumours of the lung?
As they can grow to large size and take over the spaces that are there for the lungs
What is pleurodesis procedure?
When talcum powder is used
Creates an inflammation
This promotes the bonding between the 2 pleura
What is the mortality for single lung transplantation?
5-10%
What is the mortality for double lung transplantation?
10 - 20%
