Sleep

Question 1

Insomnia

Answer 1

Epi: most common sleep disorder
SX: difficulty initiating, maintaining sleep, non restorative sleep
Tx: cognitive behavioural therapy, sleep hygiene

Question 2

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Answer 2

Risk factors: male, obesity, poor mallampatti score, sedation, age
SX: snoring, gasping, headaches, daytime sleepiness
Tx: wight loss. CPAP

Question 3

Central sleep apnea

Answer 3

Causes: heart failure, high altitude, opiate use

Question 4

Narcolepsy

Answer 4

SX: excessive daytime somnolence, cataplexy, hallucinations, sleep paralysis
REM sleep at onset
IX: polysomnogram, multiple sleep latency test showing short sleep latency
Tx: scheduled naps, alpha adrenergic agonists, SSRI for cataplexy

Question 5

Restless Leg Syndrome

Answer 5

SX: Desire to move limbs, relieved by motor activity, worse at night

Causes: iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, hypo and hyperthyroid