Skull, Face and Scalp Flashcards
What is a bony case of brain and meninges that contains the proximal portions of the cranial nn and vasculature of the brain?
neurocraniam
What supports the anterior cranium and defines mouth, nose and most of the orbits?
viscerocranium
Which bones contribute to the orbit?
frontal = roof ethmoidal and lacrimal = medial wall lesser wing of sphenoid = post wall palatine = medial wall zygomatic = lat wall maxillary = floor and part of medial wall
What are the paired bones of the face? unpaired?
nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, inferior concha and palatine
unpaired = vomer and mandible
Where is the supraorbital foramen/notch in the orbit?
in the superciliary arch
What helps the orbit to communicate with the nasal cavity?
lacrimal groove
What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity?
nasal bones, frontal sinus, ethmoid, sphenoid sinus = roof
maxillary bones = floor and lat wall
palatine horizontal plate = floor
vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid = medial wall
nasal septum = medial
What helps to make the nasal bones lighter?
paranasal sinuses
What adds resonance to the voice?
paranasal sinus
How many frontal sinuses are there? ethmoid air cells? sphenoid sinuses? maxillary sinuses?
2, 3-13, 2, 2
What are the layers of the scalp?
skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, pericranium
Where is the skin of the scalp thicker?
occipital region
Where do the vessels and nerves reside in the scalp?
connective tissue layer
Why do superficial wounds in the connective tissue layer of the scalp tend to bleed profusely?
due to vascular anastomoses, lacerations “held” open by dense CT
Why do deep wounds in the aponeurotic layer gape widely?
muscles attached there (frontal and occipitals mm)
Where is the danger space of the scalp? Why?
loose areolar tissue
- infection spread easily into the cranial cavity through emissary veins to meninges
How many mm of mastication are there?
4 pairs
T/F there are no deep fascia of the face because all of the mm attachments of facial expression
T
What innervates muscles of facial expression?
Facial n
What are the muscles of mastication?
temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
What nerve provides sensory to the face and scalp?
trigeminal n
What does the cervical n innervate?
sensory to back of head, ears and jaw
What does facial n provide?
motor to mm of facial expression
What does the mandibular (CN V3) provide?
motor to mm of mastication