Pharynx

Question 1

Where does the pharynx extend?

Answer 1

skull base to inf border of cricoid cartilage (C6)

Question 2

What lies post to inf concha and serves as a connection between pharynx and middle ear?

Answer 2

Eustachian tube orifice

Question 3

What makes up the nasopharynx?

Answer 3

Pharyngeal tonsil, pharyngeal recess, auditory tube, salgpingopharyngeal fold, torus tuberius

Question 4

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

Answer 4

soft palate = superior

epiglottis = inf

Question 5

Which arches does the oropharynx pass through?

Answer 5

palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch

Question 6

What makes up the oropharynx?

Answer 6

palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal arch, palatine tonsil, vallecula, lingual tonsils

Question 7

What routes air and food into the trachea and esophagus?

Answer 7

laryngopharynx

Question 8

What are the functions of the larynx?

Answer 8

phonation, regulate size of opening between vocal folds, prevent foreign bodies from entering airway, act as sphincter

Question 9

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 9

epiglottis and C6

Question 10

What structures lie in laryngopharynx?

Answer 10

epiglottis, laryngeal cartilages, piriform recess, internal laryngeal n, sup laryngeal vessels, recurrent laryngeal n, inf laryngeal vessels

Question 11

Which sphincter prevents food from coming back up?

Answer 11

superior esophageal sphinchter

Question 12

Where does the sup pharyngeal constrictor m arise from?

Answer 12

pterygomandibular raphe and medial pterygoid plate of mandible

Question 13

Where does middle pharyngeal constrictor m arise?

Answer 13

greater horn of hyoid bone and inf portion of stylohyoid ligament

Question 14

What passes between sup and middle constrictor mm?

Answer 14

stylohyoid ligament, stylopharyngeus m and CN IX

Question 15

Where does inf pharyngeal constrictor m arise?

Answer 15

thyroid and cricoid cartilages

Question 16

What passes between middle and inf constrictor mm?

Answer 16

internal laryngeal n, sup laryngeal a

Question 17

What are the pharyngeal mm?

Answer 17

stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus mm

Question 18

Which n supplies motor to pharyngeal mm?

Answer 18

CN X, except stylopharyngeus

Question 19

Which n supplies motor to stylophargneus m and sensory to pharynx?

Answer 19

CN IX

Question 20

What forms the pharyngeal plexus?

Answer 20

pharyngeal branch of CN X, branch of external laryngeal n, pharyngeal branches of CN IX (some CN V2)

Question 21

What innervates the nasopharynx?

Answer 21

sensory by V2

Question 22

What innervates the oropharynx?

Answer 22

sensory by CN IX

Question 23

What innervates the laryngopharynx?

Answer 23

sensory by CN X

Question 24

What arteries supply the pharynx?

Answer 24

mainly by ascending pharyngeal and sup thyroid aa also from branches of facial and maxillary aa

Question 25

What supplies the palatine tonsils?

Answer 25

ultimately branch of ECA

Question 26

What is the venous drainage of the pharynx?

Answer 26

from pharynx to pterygoid plexus in infra temporal fossa into facial and IJV

Question 27

What happens when lose motor nn to pharynx?

Answer 27

marked dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)

Question 28

What causes loss of gag reflex?

Answer 28

loss of sensory nn to pharynx, won’t know if choking

Question 29

What are pharyngeal tonsils referred to when enlarged?

Answer 29

adenoids

Question 30

what do the pharyngeal tonsils consist of?

Answer 30

lymphoid tissue in roof of nasopharynx

Question 31

What occurs to air flow when have large adenoids?

Answer 31

obstructs air exchange between nasopharynx and middle ear and from nose to nasopharynx, mouth breath, impinges upon torus turbarius and auditory tube orifice

Question 32

Where do accidentally swallowed objects become trapped?

Answer 32

piriform recess

Question 33

What is stimulated to induce chocking sensation and severe coughing?

Answer 33

int and recurrent laryngeal nn