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Positioning II > Skull Anatomy > Flashcards

Skull Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones is the skull composed of ?

A

22

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2
Q

how many groups is the skull divided into?

A

2 groups

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3
Q

What are the two groups that the bones of the skull are divided into?

A

Cranial bones
Facial Bones

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4
Q

How many cranial bones are there

A

8

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5
Q

how many facial bones are there ?

A

14

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6
Q

cranial bones are further subdivided into :

A

Calvaria and Floor

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7
Q

What is the inner layer of spongy bone separating two outer plates of compact tissue
-composition of calvarium bones

A

Diploe

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8
Q

cranial Bones of the calvaria

A

Frontal
Occipital
Right parietal
Left parietal

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9
Q

Cranial bones of the floor

A

Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Right temporal
Left temporal

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10
Q

The cranial floor is divided into three regions

A

-anterior cranial fossa
-middle cranial fossa
-posterior cranial fossa

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11
Q

houses frontal lobes of cerebrum; extends from anterior frontal bone to lesser wings of sphenoid

A

Anterior cranial fossa

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12
Q

houses temporal lobes; extends from lesser wings of sphenoid to apices of petrous ridges

A

Middle cranial fossa

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13
Q

deep depression posterior to petrous ridges; protects cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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14
Q

fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull

A

Sutures

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15
Q

what suture is between frontal and parietal bones

A

coronal

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16
Q

what suture is on top of head between two parietal bones

A

sagittal

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17
Q

what suture is between temporal bone and parietal bones

A

squamosal

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18
Q

what suture is between occipital and parietal bones

A

lambdoidal

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19
Q

junction of coronal and sagittal sutures

A

Bregma

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20
Q

junction of sagittal and lambdoidal sutures

A

Lambda

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21
Q

areas of incomplete ossification in infant skulls (i.e., “soft spots”)

A

Fontanels

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22
Q

what age is the adult cranial size usually achieved

A

age 12

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23
Q

once was the sphenoidal fontanel

A

Pterion

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24
Q

once was the mastoid fontanel

A

Asterion

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25
Q

The inner layer of spongy tissue found inside cranial bones is called :

A

Diploe

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26
Q

The fontanel located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures is the

A

Bregma
or foramina

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27
Q

The two parietal bones articulate with the frontal bone to form what suture ?

A

Coronal

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28
Q

The cranial bone that provides a depression to house the pituitary gland is what bone

A

sphenoid

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29
Q

The fontanel located at the junction of the lamboidal and sagittal sutures is the ?

A

Lambda

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30
Q

The bone that forms the anterior portion of the cranium is what bone

A

Frontal

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31
Q

The cranial bone located between the orbits and posterior to the nasal bones is what bone

A

Ethmoid

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32
Q

The two parietal bones and the occipital bone joint together to form what suture

A

Lambdoidal

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33
Q

The anterior clinoid process is located on what bone

A

Sphenoid

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34
Q

Which bone contains the transmission of the olfactory nerves

A

Ethmoid

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35
Q

bones that are at the top of the skull

A

cranial

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36
Q

bones of the skull that are in the front

A

Facial bones

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37
Q

what is the plane that is front to back

A

coronal

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38
Q

what is the plane that is up and down

A

axial

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39
Q

what is the plane that is left and right

A

sagital

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40
Q

very top of the head

A

Bregma

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41
Q

what does the posterior fontanel become

A

the lambda

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42
Q

what does the frontal fontanel become

A

Bregma

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43
Q

what bone Has vertical portion (frontal squama) and horizontal portions

A

Frontal bone

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44
Q

what does the frontal squama form

A

Frontal squama forms forehead and anterior part of cranial vault

45
Q

what does the horizontal portion of the frontal bone form?

A

Horizontal portions form orbital plates, part of roof of nasal cavity, and greater part of anterior cranial fossa

46
Q

landmarks of the frontal bone :

A

Frontal eminences
Supraorbital margins
Supraciliary arches
Supraorbital foramina
Glabella

47
Q

what bone Articulates with right and left parietals, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal bones, and zygoma

A

Frontal bone

48
Q

what fits in the ethmoidal notch ?

A

ethmoid

49
Q

what does the ethmoid consist of :

A

Consists of
Horizontal plate

Vertical plate

Two light, spongy masses = labyrinths

50
Q

what bone is Located between the orbits and forms part of anterior cranial fossa, nasal cavity, orbital walls, and bony nasal septum

A

Ethmoid bone

51
Q

what is the horizontal portion of the ethmoid bone called?

A

cribriform plate

52
Q

what part of the ethmoid bone is this: conical projection at anterior midline of cribriform plate

A

Crista galli

53
Q

what part of the ethmoid is : vertical portion; forms superior portion of bony nasal septum

A

Perpendicular plate =

54
Q

what part of the ethmoid bone contains numerous foramina for transmission of olfactory nerves

A

Cribriform plate

55
Q

what part of the ethmoid bone is this:
Contain ethmoid sinuses or air cells
Walls form part of medial walls of orbits and lateral walls of nasal cavity
Have two thin, scroll-shaped projections = superior and middle nasal conchae

A

Labyrinths

56
Q

what bone Articulates with frontal, sphenoid, lacrimal, maxilla, and vomer

A

Ethmoid bone

57
Q

what part of the ethmoid bone will meet up with the vomer and make up the nasal septum

A

Perp. plate

58
Q

what part of the parietal bone is this: prominent bulge near center of external surface of each bone
This is the point where the width of the skull should be measured to set technique

A

pariteal eminence

59
Q

Somewhat square
Have a convex external surface and concave internal surface

A

Parietal Bones

60
Q

what does the parietal bones articulate with

A

Articulate with:
each other at the sagittal suture in MSP, the frontal,
temporal,
occipital,
and sphenoid bones

61
Q

Irregular, wedge-shaped bone that vaguely resembles a bat

A

sphenoid bone

62
Q

Located in base of cranium anterior to temporal bones and basilar portion of occipital

A

sphenoid

63
Q

what does the sphenoid consist of :

A

Body
Two lesser wings
Two greater wings
Two pterygoid processes
sella turcica
clivus
optical canal
dorsum sellae
posterior clinoid processes

64
Q

Body contains two sphenoid sinuses and forms posterior bony wall of nasal cavity

A

Sphenoid bone

65
Q

what part of the sphenoid is this:
deep depression on superior surface of body

A

sella turcica

66
Q

what part of the sphenoid is this:
Houses pituitary gland
Located in MSP of cranium ¾ inch (1.9 cm) anterior and superior to external acoustic meatus (EAM)

A

sella turcica

67
Q

names parts of the ethmoid bone :

A

labyrinths, cribiform plate, crista galli, perp plate

68
Q

names parts of the parietal bone:

A

parietal eminence,

69
Q

what part of the sphenoid is this: anterior border of sella

A

Tuberculum sellae

70
Q

what part of the sphenoid is this: posterior border of sella

A

Dorsum sellae

71
Q

what part of the sphenoid is this:
top borders of dorsum

A

Posterior clinoid processes

72
Q

what part of the sphenoid bone is this:
slanted area of bone posterior and inferior to dorsum
Continuous with basilar area of occipital
Supports pons of the brain

A

Clivus

73
Q

what part of the sphenoid bone is this:
opening into the apex of orbit for transmission of optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
Actual opening is termed optic foramen

A

optic canal

74
Q

what wings of the sphenoid bone arise from anterior and superior portion of body and lie horizontally on each side

A

lesser wings

75
Q

what part of the sphenoid bone Form posteromedial portion of orbital roofs, posterior portion of anterior cranial fossa, upper margin of superior orbital fissure, and optic canals
Medial ends form the anterior clinoid processes

A

lesser wings

76
Q

what part of the sphenoid :
arise from sides of body and curve laterally, posteriorly, anteriorly, and superiorly
Form part of middle cranial fossa and posterolateral walls of orbit

A

greater wings

77
Q

what part of the sphenoid bone arise from lateral portions of inferior surface of body and medial portions of inferior surfaces of greater wings

A

Pterygoid processes

78
Q

which three paired foramina situated on greater wings

A

Rotundum
Ovale
Spinosum

79
Q

what bone is Situated at posteroinferior part of cranium

A

Occipital bone

80
Q

what bone Forms posterior half of cranial base and greater portion of posterior cranial fossa

A

Occipital bone

81
Q

what are the four parts of the occipital bone

A

Squama
Two occipital condyles
Basilar portion

82
Q

what part of the occipital bone has a = large opening through which medulla oblongata passes as it exits cranium

A

foramen magnum

83
Q

what part of the occipital bone has a prominent process on squama
Also called inion
Corresponds to internal occipital protuberance

A

External occipital protuberance

84
Q

what bone is Situated on each side of cranial base between greater wings of sphenoid and occipital bone

A

temporal bone

85
Q

what bone Form large part of middle cranial fossa and a small part of posterior cranial fossa

A

temporal bone

86
Q

what is the temporal bone consists of :

A

-Squamous portion
-Tympanic portion
-Styloid process
-Zygomatic process
-Petromastoid portion, which contains the organs for hearing and equilibrium

87
Q

what part of the temporal bone is this:
= thin, upper portion of temporal bone
Forms part of side wall of cranium

A

temporal bone

88
Q

what part of the temporal bone is this:
prominent arched process that projects anteriorly to articulate with zygoma and complete the zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process

89
Q

what receives condyle of mandible to form temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

Mandibular fossa

90
Q
A
91
Q

what part of the temporal bone is this:
located below squama and in front of petromastoid portion
Forms anterior wall, inferior wall, and part of posterior walls of the EAM

A

Tympanic Portion

92
Q

what part of the temporal bone is this: slender, pointed bone projecting inferiorly, anteriorly, and slightly medially from inferior surface of tympanic portion

A

styloid process

93
Q

how is the sella turcica located

A

located in the MSP of cranium 3/4 inch anterior and superior to external acoustic meatus (EAM)

94
Q

what projects medially and anteriorly between greater wing of sphenoid and occipital bone

A

Petrous portion

95
Q

Conical or pyramidal in shape
Thickest and densest portion of cranium
Contains the organs of hearing and balance

A

petrous pyramid or petrous portion

96
Q

conical process projecting from mastoid portion

A

mastoid process

97
Q

bones of middle ear
Malleus
Incus
Stapes

A

Auditory ossicles

98
Q

what does the temporal bone articulate with

A

the parietal, occipital, sphenoid, zygoma, and mandible

99
Q

Three canals at right angles

A

semicircular canals

100
Q

what view is to see optic canal

A

reese view

101
Q

-sensory organ of ampulla
-hair cells and supporting cells
-rapid turns of head or body stimulate hair cells

A

semicircular canals

102
Q

swelling of membranous labyrinth that communicates with the vestibule

A

semicircular canals

103
Q

what is the thickest part of the skull ?

A

petromastoid portion

104
Q

contains organs for hearing

A

temporal

105
Q

what does the condyle of mandible fit into

A

the mandibular fossa

106
Q

which cranial bones are paired?

A

temporal

107
Q

the sella turcica is part of the :

A

sphenoid bone

108
Q

which of the following bones are part of the cranial floor ?
1. ethmoid
2. frontal
3. temporal

A

1 and 3

Positioning II (12 decks)

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