Liver and Biliary System Flashcards
What is the largest gland in the body
Liver
Falciform ligament divides liver into two major lobes
right lobe
left lobe
two minor lobes evident on visceral surface
caudate lobe
quadrate
is collected by ducts and carried to gallbladder for storage or passes into duodenum
Bile
two blood supplies
hepatic artery
portal vein
supplies oxygenated blood from abdominal aorta
hepatic artery
carries blood from digestive system to be filtered by liver
portal vein
primary function from imaging standpoint of the liver is :
production of bile
the biliary system main function:
- to drain waste products from the liver into the duodenum
- to help in digestion with the controlled release of bile
Biliary system consists of :
bile ducts and the gallbladder
two main hepatic ducts in the liver
right and left
right and left hepatic ducts join to form:
common hepatic duct
common hepatic duct unites with:
cystic duct to form common bile duct
route for the biliary stystem:
1.right/left hepatic ducts (comes out of liver)
2. common hepatic duct
3. cystic duct: hangs from Gallbladder
4. common bile duct
5. pancreatic duct
6. hepatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater
Thin-walled musculomembranous sac usually found on visceral
surface of right lobe of liver
Gallbladder
Gallbladder functions:
Functions to store and concentrate bile
when does gallbladder evacuate bile
when activated by hormone, cholecystokinin
neck of gallbladder is consistent with:
cystic duct
produces/ regulates insulin
pancreas
as a secretion it aids in the emulsification of fats
Bile
the distal end of the common bile duct is the:
spincter of Oddi, which opens into the duodenum
unites with the pancreatic duct, which then enters the heatopancreatic ampulla or apulla of vater
common bile duct
- Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
- Postoperative (T-tube) cholangiography
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP)
Biliary Tract Procedures
percutaneous
through the skin
jaundice
liver not functioning properly
- Abbreviated PTC
- Performed on patients with jaundice when the ductal system has
been demonstrated as dilated by computed tomography (CT) or
sonography, but the cause is unclear - May also be used to place a drainage catheter to treat obstructive
jaundice
Percutaneous Transhepatic
Cholangiography
- Patient is supine
- Right side surgically prepared and draped
- Local anesthetic administered
- Special “skinny” needle (Chiba) inserted
- Water-soluble iodinated contrast injected
under fluoroscopy - After ductal system is filled, spot AP projections
are made
Percutaneous Transhepatic
Cholangiography
Also called delayed cholangiography
* Performed via a T-shaped tube left in
the common hepatic and common bile
ducts for postoperative drainage
* Also called delayed cholangiography
* Performed via a T-shaped tube left in
the common hepatic and common bile
ducts for postoperative drainage
Postoperative (T-Tube)
Cholangiography
Patient positioned in RPO
position with right upper
quadrant centered to IR
* Contrast media injected
into T-tube under
fluoroscopy
* Spot and conventional
images made as indicated
Postoperative (T-Tube)
Cholangiography
when the right and the left hepatic duct come out the liver what do they make
the common hepatic duct
cystic duct comes from the gallbladder and meets with the common hepatic duct to form what
common bile duct
when the common bile meets up with the pancreatic duct it empties where
in the duodenum sphincter of oddi
most common study for the gallbladder
ercp
ptc
t tube cholangiophraphy
