Anatomy of Facial and Sinuses Flashcards
How many facial bones are there?
14
Name the facial bones:
R and L nasal
R and L lacrimal
R and L maxillary
R and L zygomatic
R and L palatine
R and L inferior nasal conchae
Vomer
Mandible
Two small, thin bones
Vary in size and shape in individuals
Form superior bony wall of nasal cavity
Commonly called “bridge of nose”
Nasal Bones
The two smallest bones in the skull
Lacrimal bones
what does the nasal bones articulate with:
With each other in midsagittal plane
Superior = frontal bone
Posterosuperior = perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
On each lateral side = maxillae
Located in anterior part of medial wall of orbits between labyrinth of ethmoid and maxilla
lacrimal bones
Each bone contains a lacrimal foramen through which the tear duct passes
lacrimal bones
articulations with the lacrimal
Articulations :
Frontal
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Inferior nasal concha
each articulates with all other facial bones except for mandible
-also articulates with frontal and ethmoid cranial bones
maxillary
which bone does the maxillary bone not articulate with
mandible
which cranial bones does the maxillary articulate with
frontal and ethmoid
what forms part of lateral walls and most of floor of nasal cavity
Largest immovable bones of face
Form part of floor of orbit
Maxillary bones
Form three fourths of roof of mouth
maxillary
Have zygomatic process that articulate with zygoma to form part of cheek
maxillary
what part of the maxillary bone is this?:
Body contains large, pyramidal cavity =
maxillary sinus
what part of the maxillary bone is this?: located under each orbit for passage of infraorbital nerve and artery
Infraorbital foramen
what part of the maxillary bone is this?: inferior borders of spongy bone that support roots of teeth
Alveolar process =
what part of the maxillary bone is this? : forward, pointed process at their midline junction
Anterior nasal spine
makes up the roof of the mouth
Maxillary bones
inferior borders of spongy bone that support roots of teeth
Alveolar
This bone consists of the acanthion, anterior nasal spine, alveolar process, and the infraorbital foramen
maxillary
Form prominence of cheeks
Zygomatic Bones
Form part of side wall and floor of orbits
Zygomatic Bones
Temporal process extends posteriorly to join zygomatic process of temporal bone
Zygomatic Bones
formed by union of temporal process of zygoma and zygomatic process of temporal bone
Zygomatic arch
what does the zygomatic bones articulate with
Superior = frontal bone
Lateral = zygomatic process of temporal bone
Anterior = maxilla
Posterior = sphenoid
where is the nasal bone located and where is the anterior nasal spine located
Nasal spine- frontal bone
Anterior nasal spine- facial bone
Two L-shaped bones composed of vertical and horizontal plates
Palatine Bones
Horizontal plates articulate with maxillae to complete the posterior fourth of bony palate (roof of mouth)
Palatine Bones
Vertical portions extend upward between maxillae and pterygoid processes of sphenoid in posterior nasal cavity
Palatine Bones
Extend diagonally and inferiorly from lateral walls of nasal cavity at its lower third
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Long, narrow, very thin bones with a lateral curl
Gives scroll-like appearance
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Upper two nasal conchae are processes of?
ethmoid bone
what makes up the nasal septum
vomer and perp. plate
Thin plate of bone situated in MSP of floor of nasal cavity
vomer
-articulates with ethmoid
-forms inferior nasal septum
Vomer
Superior border articulates with body of sphenoid bone
Vomer
-Superior part of anterior border articulates with perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
-posterior border is free
Vomer
what is the mental protuberance
the chin
anterior, triangular prominence
largest and densest bone of the face
Mandible
Largest bone of the skull
Temporal
What part of the mandible is this?:
junction of body and ramus
Also called gonion
Angle of the mandible
What part of the mandible is this?
two vertical portions on each side of body
Rami
what part of the mandible is this ?
curved horizontal portion
body
what part of the mandible is this?
most anterior and central part where left and right halves of mandible fuse
symphysis
what part of the mandible is this?
superior border of body; consists of spongy bone that supports roots of teeth
Alveolar process
what part of the mandible is this?
small openings on each side below the second premolar; transmit nerves and blood vessels
Mental foramina
What does the mandible consist of:
mental foramina, alveolar process, symphysis, body, rami, angle of mandible, mental protuberance
how many bones make up orbits
7
name the orbit bones
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Zygoma
Lacrimal
Palatine
Which facial bones form part of the hard palate
Mandible
All of the following are part of the bony orbit, except:
Palatine
Zygoma
Lacrimal
Vomer
vomer
Defined as the air-filled cavities located in the frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones of the cranium, as well as the maxillae of the face
Paranasal Sinuses
So named because of their formation from the nasal mucosa and their continued communication with the nasal fossae
Paranasal sinuses
This bone does not articulate with any other bone in the body
Hyoid Bone
Functions of the paranasal sinuses :
Serve as resonating chamber for the voice
Decrease weight of skull
Aid in warming and moisturizing inhaled air
Act as shock absorbers in trauma
Possibly control the immune system
What sinus is the last to develop
Ethmoid sinuses
which sinuses are usually the only ones developed enough to be demonstrated radiographically at birth?
Maxillary sinuses
at the age of 6 and 7 what sinuses are distinguishable from ethmoids
frontal and sphenoid
Paired (one in each facial bone)
Vary in size and shape, but are approximately pyramidal in shape
maxillary sinuses
largest and most symmetric
maxillary sinuses
Second largest
Paired
Located between vertical plates of frontal bone
Vary greatly in size and shape
Occasionally absent
Rarely symmetric
Frontal sinuses
Normally paired
Occupy body of sphenoid bone
Often only one sinus develops, but never more than two
Vary in size and shape
Usually asymmetric
Located below sella turcica and extend between dorsum and posterior ethmoids
Sphenoid sinuses
Located below sella turcica and extend between dorsum and posterior ethmoids
sphenoid sinuses
Located within lateral masses of labyrinths
ethmoid sinuses
Composed of varying number of air cells, which are divided into three main groups
Anterior (2 to 8)
Middle (2 to 8)
Posterior (2 to 6)
ethmoid sinuses
what are the three main groups that the ethmoid sinuses are broken down into
anterior, middle, posterior
Which paranasal sinuses are divided into three groups?:
Ethmoid
The only facial bones that contain paranasal sinuses are the:
Maxillae
