Skin, soft tissue, and bone infection

Question 1

Infections of the erpidermis and dermis include….

Answer 1

Impetigo
Folliculitis
Furunculosis
Carbunculosis
Erysipelas

Question 2

Name some bacteria that are typically always present on the skin….

Answer 2

S. epidermidis
S. aureus
Micrococci
Diphtheroids

Question 3

What is impetigo?

Answer 3

Superficial infection
Friable golden crusts over erythematous skin
More common in children

Question 4

What is folliculitis?

Answer 4

Infection of hair follicles

Common sites are groin and scalp

Question 5

What is furunculosis?

Answer 5

Deep inflammatory lesion progressing from a folliculitis.

Question 6

What is a carbuncle?

Answer 6

Extend into the subcutaneous layer, multiple abscesses develop, separated by connective tissue.

Question 7

What is acute paronchia?

Answer 7

Skin infection arising from nail folds

Question 8

What is erysipelas?

Answer 8

Infection involving the upper dermis and extends into the superficial cutaneous lymphatics.

Group A streptococci most common cause
(S pyogenes)

Question 9

What is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome?

Answer 9

Begins with erythema and fever, followed by formation large fluid filled bullae rupture and causes widespread exfoliation.

Toxins released into the blood stream from localised S. aureus infection

Commonly seen in young children and immunocompromised.

Question 10

What is gas gangrene?

Answer 10

Clostridium perfringens most common cause– produce toxins that cause tissue death

Can occur in synergistic soft tissue infections – e.g. wound contaminated with coliforms – use up oxygen make amenable for anaerobes to grow.

Question 11

Define the timeline for surgical site infections (SSIs)…

Answer 11

Infection must occur within 30 days or 1 year if an implant was inserted.

Question 12

What the typical causes of septic arthritis?

Answer 12

S. aureus, Streptoccocci, Gram negatives

Infection of the joint spaces.

Question 13

What are the typical causes of osteomyelitis?

Answer 13

S. aureus, H. influenzae, E.coli, P. aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis

Infection of bone

Question 14

Herpes virus and chickenpox hibernate in the….

Answer 14

Dorsal route ganglion

Have potential to reactivate in the dermatomal distribution.

Question 15

Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum are all types of what?

Answer 15

Fungi

Tinea corporis (Ringworm)
Tinea pedis (Athlete’s foot)
Tinea Barbae (Barber’s itch)