Skin pigmentation Flashcards
Describe the 6 skin types
1- burns but does not tan
2- burns and tans a little
3- burns slightly and tans evenly
4- burns sometimes
5- burns rarely brown skin
6- never burns dark brown skin
Management of lichen simplex x3 and duration
Educate patient
Break scratch cycle
Clobetasol for 6 weeks
Tyrosinase inhibitors in treatment of Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation x5
Hydroquinone
Retinoids
Adapalene
Tretinoin
Tazarotene
What increases epidermal turnover and decrease melanosome transfer x4
Retinoids
Adapalene
Tretinoin
Tazarotene
Substances in tinted sunscreens x3
Ferrous oxide
Zinc oxide
Titanium dioxide
MOA of hydroquinone and its side effects x3
It is a tyrosinase inhibitor
1. Vitiligo like hypopigmentation
2. Exogenic ochronosis
3. Allergic contact eczema with PIH
Function of corticosteroids as a bleaching cream x3
Inhibit inflammation
Inhibit melanocyte proliferation and melanocyte secretory function
Side effects of corticosteroids x5
Atrophy
Acne
Striae
Telangiectasia
Masking of infection
Define vitiligo
Chronic acquired auto immune skin disease caused by destruction of melanocytes
Triggers of vitiligo x4
Stress
Chemicals
Hydroquinone
Severe sun burn
Management of vitiligo x5
Steroids/ calcineurin inhibitors
Vitamin D analogues
Sunscreen
Phototherapy
Surgery
Define epidermal naevus and where it appears
Hyperplasia of the epidermal structures that appears on Blaschko’s lines
Achromic naevus definition
Unusual birthmark presenting as a pale patch due to altered clone of melanocytes
Define xeroderma pigmentosum
An autosomal recessive disease characterized by inability of cells to repair DNNA damage cause by UV
Congenital hypopigmented disorders x3
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Epidermal naevus
Achromic naevus
