Drug reactions Flashcards
Risk factors for drug reactions x5
Adult
Female
Poly pharmacy
Host disease eg HIV
Abnormal drug metabolism eg liver failure
Clinical signs of type 1 allergic reaction x3
Urticaria
Angioedema
Anaphylaxis
Clinical signs of type 4 drug reactions x2
Fixed drug eruption
DRESS- drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
Non allergic drug reactions x5
Eczema
Alopecia
Psoriasis
Atrophy - corticosteroids
Skin erosion- 5 fluorouracil
Investigations for drug reactions x4
Eosinophilia
Lupus serology
Renal function tests
Liver Function Tests
What type of reaction is exanthematous drug eruption
T cell mediated delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction
Drugs associated with exanthematous eruptions x5
Streptomycin
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
NSAIDs
Penicillin
Indications of potentially severe exanthematous eruption x5
Fever
Skin pain
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Mucous membrane and facial involvement
Drugs causing DRESS x6
NSAIDs
Dapsone
Abacavir
Nevirapine
Sulfonamides
Anticonvulsants
Systemic involvement of DRESS x5
Pericarditis
Pneumonitis
Hepatitis
Arthritis
Interstitial nephritis
Feature of SJS x5
Mucous membrane involvement
Macules to papules
Bullae rupture> denuded skin
Painful skin
Flu like symptoms
Classification of SJS and TEN x3
SJS <10% of BSA
SJS x TEN 10-30% of BSA
TEN >30% of BSA
Drugs causing SJA and TEN x5
NSAIDS
Nevirapine
Sulfonamides
Carbamazepine
Tramadol
Cephalosporins
Consequences of severe drug eruptions x5
Hypothermia
Protein loss
Fluid loss
Sepsis
Multi organ failure
Death
Common sites of fixed drug eruptions x4
Lips
Hands
Genitalia
Oral mucosa
