Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what are the 3 bacterial skin infections

A

impetigo, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is impetigo?

A

infectious disease affecting kids spread by direct contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the appearance of impetigo?

A

inflamed plaques with a golden/ crusted surface around mouth and nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

organisms responsible for impetigo?

A

staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mx for impetigo?

A

topical fusidic acid & avoid school/work until lesions dry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the main complication of impetigo?

A

toxin induced bullous impetigo- abs tx (fluclox / erythromycin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is cellulitis

A

infection of the skin and soft tissue underneath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

aetiology of cellulitis

A

skin barrier breach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

organisms of cellulitis

A

staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes (GroupA) or GroupB, immunocompromised usually gram -ve/anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

s/s of cellulitis

A

cardinal signs of inflammation, leather like, may have golden yellow crust if staph A, generalised swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

common areas of cellulitis

A

lower leg/arm, peri-anal, peri-orbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the classification for cellulitis

A 
Eron Classification 
1- no systemic toxicity or morbidity 
2- systemic toxicity or comorbidity 
3- significant systemic toxicity / significant comorbidity 
4- sepsis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mx for cellulitis

A

elevate, analgesia, splint, abx (fluclox, clarithromycin, clindamycin, co-amoxi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is necrotising fasciitis

A

rapidly spreading, deeper bacterial infection of subcutaneous tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

necrotising fasciitis usually occurs following _____ / _____

A

trauma / surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 2 types of necrotising fasciitis

A

T1: mix of aerobic/ anaerobic bacteria
T2: group A streptococci, spontaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a very rare cause of necrotising fasciitis

A

vibrio species (asiatic cholera)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

s/s of NF?

A

severe pain that is unproportional to degree of skin inflammation, high WBC/CRP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abx for NF?

A

benzylpenicillin & clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

surgical mx of NF?

A

surgical debridement and exploration- may result in amputation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the viral skin infections studied?

A 
chicken pox 
herpes simplex virus 
erythema multiforme
molluscum contagiosum
warts 
herpangina 
erythema infectosum (slapped cheek disease)
Orf
syphillis 
Lyme disease 
zika
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is chickenpox and shingles?

A

chickenpox- primary infection

shingles- reactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

T/F: shingles happens in kids

A

F: in adults, chickenpox in kids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the organism that causes chicken pox?

A

varicella zoster virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

s/s of chickenpox and shingles

A

chickenpox: macules> papules > vesicles > scabs
fever, headache, itch*

shingles: tingling pain to erythema > vesicles (one sided only) > curses + neuralgic pain (dermatomal distribution)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

mx for chickenpox?

A

live attenuated vaccine

+ stay away from school, loose clothes, paracetamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

when do you give antivirals (acyclovir) for CP?

A

> 16yo and susceptible population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

mx of shingles?

A

may take up to 4 weeks, acyclovir if immunocompromised or if CN involvement, stay off work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

complication of chicken pox?

A

pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

complication of shingles?

A

post herpetic neuralgia

31
Q

herpes simplex virus s/s?

A

extensive ulceration in and around mouth, lasts 1 week, blistering rash at vermillion border

32
Q

types of HSV?

A

t1: oral lesions, genital herpes, encephalitis
t2: genital herpes, oral lesions less common, encephalitis

33
Q

T/F: cold sores are t1 HSV related?

A

T

34
Q

Ix for HSV?

A

clinical or HSV DNA in vesicle fluid sample via PCR

35
Q

mx of HSV?

A

oral valaciclovir, acyclovir for T2/ cold sores

36
Q

complications of HSV?

A

other HSV infections- corneal ulcers, eczema herpeticum, chronic peri-anal ulceration

37
Q

s/s of erythema multiform?

A

target lesions with erythema on the distal limbs with mucosal involvement e.g. conjunctivitis

38
Q

describe the target lesions of erythema multiform?

A

concentric rings of erythema with dusky centre

39
Q

aetiology of erythema multiform?

A

drug reaction, HSV infection, off, mycoplasma

40
Q

mx of erythema multiform?

A

self limiting, recurrence- acyclovir

41
Q

what organism is responsible for molluscum contagiosum?

A

pox virus

42
Q

s/s of molluscum contagiosum?

A

fleshy, firm, umbilicate, pearlescent nodules

43
Q

mx for molluscum contagiosum?

A

lasts months but is self-liming, liquid nitrogen (cryo) therapy

44
Q

what are warts?

A

small lumps of skin caused by human papilloma virus

45
Q

types of warts?

A

common warts
plantar warts (verrcuae)- flattened papillomatous surface, may be tender
plane warts: flesh coloured flat-topped lesions, multiple
anogenital warts

46
Q

how are warts spread?

A

direct contact

47
Q

tx for warts?

A

may spontaneously clear, keratolytic agents (salicylic acid), cryotherapy

48
Q

organism responsible for herpangina?

A

enteroviruses- coxsackie, echovirus

49
Q

s/s of herpangina?

A

blistering rash of back and mouth

50
Q

foot and mouth is a coxsackie caused subtype of which disease?

A

herpangina

51
Q

erythema infectosum is also known as what?

A

slapped cheek disease

52
Q

what is erythema infectosum?

A

viral infection that causes blotched or raised red rash and a slapped cheek appearance

53
Q

what is the organism that causes erythema infectosum

A

parvovirus B19

54
Q

s/s of erythema infectosum?

A

fever, slapped cheek rash, lacy rash on arms/ legs/ trunk

in adults wrist arthritis may be present

55
Q

ix for erythema infectosum

A

AB testing for parvovirus

56
Q

mx for erythema infectosum?

A

supportive- symptomatic tx

57
Q

complications of erythema infectosum?

A

abortion, aplastic crisis (drop in haemoglobin), anaemia

58
Q

what is Orf

A

pox virus infection mainly affecting mouth

59
Q

T/F: Orf is caused by Pox virus transmitted via monkeys

A

F: Pox virus transmitted via sheep and goats therefore more common in farmers and young kids at petting zoos

60
Q

s.s of Orf?

A

red papule on hands with inflamed blistering border

61
Q

mx for Orf?

A

self-limiting

62
Q

T/F: syphilis is sexually transmitted

A

T

63
Q

types of syphilis

A

1y: chancre present (painless ulcer at site of entry)
2y: red rash over body + oral lesions
3y: CNS and CV involvement

64
Q

what is the bacterium responsible for syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

65
Q

mx for syphilis

A

penicillin injection

66
Q

epi of Lyme disease?

A

countryside- May to September

67
Q

organism that carries Lyme disease?

A

tick which carries borellia burgdorferi bacterium

68
Q

s/s of Lyme’s?

A

early- erythema migrant (bull’s eye), fever, headache

late- heart block, nerve palsies, arthritis

69
Q

tx for Lyme’s?

A

doxycycline/ amoxicillin

70
Q

Zika virus is found in which countries?

A

tropical- Brazil*

71
Q

organism of Zika and its vector?

A

aedes aegypti carried by mosquito

72
Q

s/s of Zika?

A

fever, maculopapular rash, headaches, arthralgia, myalgia, non-purulent conjunctivitis

73
Q

mx of zika?

A

self resolves 2-7 days after onset

74
Q

main complications of Zika

A

pregnant women as may cause microcephaly, G-B syndrome

Dermatology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions