Pathology, Embryology, Investigations

Question 1

define; 
hyperkeratosis 
parakeratosis 
acanthosis 
papillomatosis 
spongiosis

Answer 1

hyperkeratosis: inc thickness of keratin layer
parakeratosis: persistence of nuclei in keratin layer
acanthosis: inc epithelial thickness
papillomatosis: irregular epithelial thickening
spongiosis: oedema fluid between squames

Question 2

embryology;
epidermis comes from _____
dermis is formed from ____ below ectoderm
melanocytes migrate from ____ ____

Answer 2

ectoderm cells
mesoderm
neural crest

Question 3

at which gestational week is most of skin formed

Answer 3

w26

Question 4

what are the 3 things to look for when assessing skin

Answer 4

distribution: localised/ widespread, symmetrical/ unilateral
configuration: discreet, coalescing, confluent
morphology: colour, central puncture, lesions (flat, raised), surface, border, erosion

Question 5

what is the handy pneumonic for pigmented lesions?

Answer 5

Asymmetry?
Border?
Colour?
Diameter 
Evolution