Facial Rashes

Question 1

what is acne vulgaris

Answer 1

chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit

Question 2

aetiology of acne vulgaris?

Answer 2

androgens, keratin plugging, anaerobic bacterium

Question 3

pathophysiology of acne vulgaris

Answer 3

pilosebaceous follicle becomes blocked due to abnormal keratinisation and inc production of sebum > overgrowth of propionibacterium acnes triggering inflammatory response > release of elastase by activated neutrophils causing scarring

Question 4

what is the hallmark of acne vulgaris

Answer 4

comedones (blocked pore), erythema

Question 5

common sites for acne vulgaris?

Answer 5

face and upper torso

Question 6

general grading of acne vulgaris?

Answer 6

mild- scattered papule and pustules
moderate- numerous plaques, pustules, scarring
severe- cysts, nodules, significant scarring

Question 7

mx for acne vulgaris

Answer 7

topical tx- benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, keratolytics (salicylic acid)
abx- tetracycline, erythromycin

Question 8

what is rosacea

Answer 8

inflammatory facial rash

Question 9

what is tx for inflammatory acne

Answer 9

Oral isotretinoin

Question 10

epi for rosaecea?

Answer 10

30-60s women

Question 11

aetiology of rosacea?

Answer 11

mites, UV, long-term steroids, stress, spice, alcohol

Question 12

s/s of rosacea?

Answer 12

no comedones, erythema *, telangiectasia, papules, pustules

Question 13

what is an early sign of rosacea?

Answer 13

recurrent facial flushing

Question 14

late sings of rosacea

Answer 14

rhinopehyma (M>W), conjunctivitis/ blepharitis

Question 15

mx of rosacea?

Answer 15

metronidazole/ ivermectin + intermittent courses of tetracyclines/ isotretinoin
sub-antimicrobial doxycycline