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BDS3 Diseases of Human Systems > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

1
Q

what are five functions of skin

A

anatomical barrier
heat regulation
sensory input from the body
drug absorption and waste excretion
storage of water and lipids

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2
Q

what is commensal flora

A

normal colonisation that inhibits pathogens in a healthy host
usually candida and staphylococci

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3
Q

what occurs in oily skin

A

more secretion from sebaceous glands
more bacterial colonisation
skin becomes heavier and thicker
higher risk of pore blockage
more spots and pinples

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4
Q

what are comedomes

A

blackheads

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5
Q

what are blackheads

A

keratin and sebum in pores that have oxidised

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6
Q

what are the four main types of bacterial infection of the skin

A

furnuncles and carbuncles
acne
erysipelas
impetigo

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7
Q

what are the four main types of viral skin infections

A

herpes simplex
shingles
molluscum contagiosum
warts

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8
Q

what are the five main types of fungal skin infections

A

athletes foot
onycholysis
ringworm
intertrigo
pityriasis versicolor

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9
Q

what are the two types of skin infestations

A

scabies and lice

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10
Q

what are furnuncles and carbuncles

A

pockets filled with pus caused by staph aureus - carbuncles are groups of furnuncles together

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11
Q

what is acne

A

lesions arising from comedomes caused by follicular testosterone sensitivity

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12
Q

what can make acne worse

A

oral contraceptive pill
systemic steroids
anticonvulsant drugs

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13
Q

how is acne managed

A

cleansers, benzoyl peroxide, retinoids and tetracyclines

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14
Q

what can be some contra-indications of tatra-cyclines

A

not to be given to those under 12, can cause deposition in growing bones and teeth by binding to calcium and causes staining and sometimes dental hypoplasia

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15
Q

what is erysipelas

A

caused by strep. pyogenes and is a sharp raised border that may peel

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16
Q

how is erysipelas treated

A

systemic antibiotics

17
Q

what can erysipelas progress to

A

necrotising fasciitis or septic shock

18
Q

what is impetigo

A

of staph or strep origin, crusty blister appearance, associated with eczema and treated with topical antibiotics

19
Q

what is herpes simplex virus

A

affects a single dermatome or adjacent dermatomes and is activated by trauma (chemical, UV light, malaise or physical)

20
Q

what is shingles

A

herpes zoster virus causing neural inflammation of the virus in the nerve is very painful and pain can persist after the rash disappears - post herpetic neuralgia

21
Q

how is shingles treated

A

high dose aciclovir

22
Q

what is molluscum contagiosum

A

caused by a pox virus and is clusters of small papules in warm moist areas

23
Q

what are warts

A

caused by HPV, contact spread

24
Q

how are warts treated

A

keratolysis, cryosurgery and excision

25
Q

what is athletes foot

A

mixed fungal and bacterial infection, prevented by keeping skin dry and clean

26
Q

what is used to treat athletes foot

A

miconazole

27
Q

what is onycholysis

A

nail infections where the nails become thick and crumbly

28
Q

what is ringworm

A

affects different parts of the body, ring like rash

29
Q

what is intertrigo

A

fungal infection due to chafing in moist body areas

30
Q

how is intertrigo treated

A

topical antifungal - miconazole

31
Q

what is pityriasis versicolor

A

caused by commensal usually harmless but due to excessive growth causes this infection, involved in cradle cap and causes patchy skin pigmentation

32
Q

how is pityriasis versicolor treated

A

topical antifungal

33
Q

what is scabies

A

infection of scabies mites - burrows appear between fingers, tiny red itchy bumps appear

34
Q

how is scabies treated

A

with insecticides - benzyl benzoate

35
Q

what are the three types of lice

A

head, body, pubic

36
Q

how is head lice treated

A

combing through hair with fine toothed comb

37
Q

how is body lice treated

A

personal and clothing hygiene and chemical insecticides - permethrin

BDS3 Diseases of Human Systems (13 decks)

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