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BDS3 Diseases of Human Systems > Gout and Osteoarthritis > Flashcards

Gout and Osteoarthritis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the symptoms of joint disease

A

pain
immobility issues
loss of function

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2
Q

what are the signs of joint disease

A

swelling around the joint
deformity
redness
crepitus
loss of function

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3
Q

what is crepitus

A

noise made when joints are moved

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4
Q

what blood investigations can be done to investigate joint disorders

A

C-reactive protein
rheumatoid factors
extractable nuclear antigens
anti DS-DNA

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5
Q

what is arthroscopy

A

allows surgeon to look into the joint

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6
Q

what are crystal arthropathy

A

usually mono-arthropathies which means only one joint in the body is affected

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7
Q

what is the diagnosis for only one joint in the body being affected

A

gout

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8
Q

what occurs in the joint in gout

A

uric acid crystals are deposited which irritate the joint and cause significant pain from inflammation

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9
Q

what causes gout

A

high uric acid levels

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10
Q

what treatments can cause gout

A

thiazide diuretics
chemotherapy cancer treatment

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11
Q

what can be some precipitating events to trigger gout

A

trauma, surgery, illness, diet/ alcohol excess

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12
Q

how is gout treated

A

NSAIDs

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13
Q

what drug should dentists steer clear of prescribing patients with gout

A

aspirin

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14
Q

why should aspirin not be given to patients with gout

A

it interferes with uric acid removal

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15
Q

what drug treatment associated with gout can cause oral ulceration

A

allopurinol

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16
Q

what is osteoarthritis

A

degenerative joint disease that is usually in weightbearing joints

17
Q

what causes osteoarthritis

A

cartilage repair dysfunction

18
Q

symptoms of osteoarthritis

A

pain - improves with rest and worse with activity
morning stiffness

19
Q

signs of osteoarthritis

A

loss of joint space
joint swellings and deformities

20
Q

what is subchondral sclerosis

A

when the cartilage between joints rubs away and the bone on either side of the joint becomes more dense

21
Q

what are the small bony projections that sometimes develop at the edges of the bone in osteoarthritis

A

osteophytes

22
Q

treatment for osteoarthritis

A

pain improved by increasing muscle strength round the joint, weight loss and walking aids
NSAIDs
prosthetic replacement for pain

23
Q

what can occur with chronic NSAID use

A

increase bleeding tendency
oral ulceration replacement

24
Q

does antibiotic prophylaxis need to be given to patients with prosthetic joints

A

no as joint is not at risk of bacteraemia of oral origin

BDS3 Diseases of Human Systems (13 decks)

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