Gout and Osteoarthritis Flashcards
what are the symptoms of joint disease
pain
immobility issues
loss of function
what are the signs of joint disease
swelling around the joint
deformity
redness
crepitus
loss of function
what is crepitus
noise made when joints are moved
what blood investigations can be done to investigate joint disorders
C-reactive protein
rheumatoid factors
extractable nuclear antigens
anti DS-DNA
what is arthroscopy
allows surgeon to look into the joint
what are crystal arthropathy
usually mono-arthropathies which means only one joint in the body is affected
what is the diagnosis for only one joint in the body being affected
gout
what occurs in the joint in gout
uric acid crystals are deposited which irritate the joint and cause significant pain from inflammation
what causes gout
high uric acid levels
what treatments can cause gout
thiazide diuretics
chemotherapy cancer treatment
what can be some precipitating events to trigger gout
trauma, surgery, illness, diet/ alcohol excess
how is gout treated
NSAIDs
what drug should dentists steer clear of prescribing patients with gout
aspirin
why should aspirin not be given to patients with gout
it interferes with uric acid removal
what drug treatment associated with gout can cause oral ulceration
allopurinol
what is osteoarthritis
degenerative joint disease that is usually in weightbearing joints
what causes osteoarthritis
cartilage repair dysfunction
symptoms of osteoarthritis
pain - improves with rest and worse with activity
morning stiffness
signs of osteoarthritis
loss of joint space
joint swellings and deformities
what is subchondral sclerosis
when the cartilage between joints rubs away and the bone on either side of the joint becomes more dense
what are the small bony projections that sometimes develop at the edges of the bone in osteoarthritis
osteophytes
treatment for osteoarthritis
pain improved by increasing muscle strength round the joint, weight loss and walking aids
NSAIDs
prosthetic replacement for pain
what can occur with chronic NSAID use
increase bleeding tendency
oral ulceration replacement
does antibiotic prophylaxis need to be given to patients with prosthetic joints
no as joint is not at risk of bacteraemia of oral origin
