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Health Assessment > Skin, Hair & Nails > Flashcards

Skin, Hair & Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Type of lesion categories

A

Primary and secondary

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2
Q

Primary skin lesion

A

Arise primarily in the skin

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3
Q

Secondary lesion

A

due to other causes which may be systemic in origin

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4
Q

ABCDEs mole exam

A 
Asymmetry
Borders
Color
Diameter
Evolution
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5
Q

What are you looking at when doing a Lesion exam? (5)

A 
Location
Distribution
Pattern
Shape
Type
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6
Q

Secondary lesion examples

A

crust, scale, excoriation, Lichenification, Erosion, fissure

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7
Q

What type of lesion is a macule and describe it

A

primary; flat, non-palpable <1cm

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8
Q

example of a macule

A

freckle, lentigo, purpura

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9
Q

what type of lesion is a patch and describe it

A

primary; flat, >1cm

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10
Q

example of a patch

A

pityriasis rosea, melasma, lentigo

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11
Q

what type of lesion is a papule and describe it

A

primary; raised palpable, non fluid <1cm

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12
Q

example of a papule

A

Nevi, seborrheic keratosis, dermatofibroma

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13
Q

what type of lesion is a plaque and describe it

A

primary; raised, palpable, nonfluid >1cm

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14
Q

example of a plaque

A

psoriasis, mycosis fungoides

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15
Q

what type of lesion is a vesicle and describe it

A

primary; raised, fluid filled, <1cm

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16
Q

example of vesicle

A

herpes simplex, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis

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17
Q

what type of lesion is a bulla and describe it

A

primary; raised, fluid filled, >1cm

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18
Q

example of bulla

A

bullous pemphigoid, contact dermatitis, blisters of second-degree sunburn

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19
Q

what type of lesion is a nodule and describe it

A

primary; raised, papule, 1-2cm

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20
Q

example of nodule

A

Nevi, basal cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma

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21
Q

what type of lesion is a tumor and describe it

A

primary; nodule, >2cm

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22
Q

example of tumor

A

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

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23
Q

what type of lesion is a cyst and describe it

A

primary; varies in size, fluid filled but can be hard

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24
Q

example of cyst

A

sebaceous cyst

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25
Q

what type of lesion is a pustule and describe it

A

primary; raised, clear fluid filled, <0.5cm

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26
Q

example of pustule

A

folliculitis, acne

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27
Q

what type of lesion is a wheal (“Hive”)and describe it

A

primary; smooth & elevated area of localized edema that comes & goes

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28
Q

example of wheal

A

urticaria

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29
Q

urticaria

A

allergic reaction marked by multiple discrete swelling on the skin (wheals)

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30
Q

what type of lesion is a crust and describe it

A

secondary; dried exudate that may have been seous, purulent or hemorrhagic

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31
Q

example of crust

A

impetigo herpes zoster (late phase)

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32
Q

what type of lesion is a scale and describe it

A

thin plates of desquamated (skin pealing) stratum corneum (outer most layer of epidermis)that flake off easily

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33
Q

example of scale

A

xerosis (dry skin), ichthyosis

34
Q

what type of lesion is a excoriation and describe it

A

secondary; shallow hemorrhagic excavation, linear or punctate, results from scratching

35
Q

examples of excoriation

A

contact dematitis

36
Q

what type of lesion is Lichenification and describe it

A

secondary; thickening of skin wall exaggeration of skin creases

37
Q

example of Lichenification and hallmark of what illness?

A

chronic eczema, hallmark of eczematous dermatitis

38
Q

What type of lesion is Erosion and describe it

A

secondary; partial break in epidermis

39
Q

example of erosion

A

herpes simplex or zoster, pemphigus vulgaris (autoimmune disease that can cause erosions of skin)

40
Q

pemphigus vulgaris

A

autoimmune disease that can cause erosions of skin, its an example of a secondary lesion

41
Q

what type of lesion is fissure and describe it

A

secondary; linear (straight line) crack in epidermis

42
Q

examples of fissure

A

xerosis (abnormal dryness of skin), angular cheilitis (chapping of lips), severe eczema

43
Q

Xerosis

A

abnormal dryness of skin

44
Q

angular cheilitis

A

chapping of lips

45
Q

3 Distribution of lesions

A

Localized, Regional, Generalized

46
Q

category of localized lesions and definition

A

a distribution; lesion appears in one small area

47
Q

category of regional lesions and definition

A

a distribution; lesion involve specific region of body

48
Q

category of generalized lesions and definition

A

a distribution; lesions appears widely distributed

49
Q

examples of localized lesions

A

impetigo, tinea corporis

50
Q

examples of regional lesions

A

psoriasis (extensor surfaces and skini folds), acne vulgaris

51
Q

examples of generalize lesions

A

urticaria, disseminated (scattered) drug eruptions

52
Q

round shape definition

A

coin

53
Q

annular shape definition

A

round, active margins

54
Q

zosteriform shape definition

A

following nerve or segment of body

55
Q

polycyclic shape definition

A

interlocking or coalesced circles

56
Q

linear shape definition

A

in a line

57
Q

iris target shape definition

A

pink macules with purple central papules

58
Q

stellate shape definition

A

star shaped

59
Q

serpiginous shape definition

A

snakelike or wavy line track

60
Q

reticulate shape definition

A

netlike or lacy

61
Q

morbilliform shape definition

A

confluent (flowing together) & salmon colored

62
Q

Discrete border definition

A

well defined

63
Q

indistinct border definition

A

poorly defined

64
Q

active border definition & example

A

margin of lesion shows greater activity than center; example ring worm

65
Q

irregular border definition & example

A

nonsmooth or notched; malignant melanoma

66
Q

border raised above center definition and example

A

center of lesion depressed compared to edge; basal cell carcinoma

67
Q

advancing border definition and example

A

expanding at margins; cellulitis

68
Q

what is central clearing of a lesion

A

an associated change; erythematous border surrounds lighter skin

69
Q

what is desquamation of a lesion

A

an associated change; peeling or sloughing

70
Q

what is keratotic of a lesion

A

an associated change; hypertrophic (increase in size) stratum corneum (outermost layer of skin)

71
Q

stratum corneum

A

outtermost layer of skin

72
Q

what is punctate of lesion

A

central umbilication or dimpling

73
Q

what is telangiectasias of a lesion

A

dilated blood vessels within lesion blanch completely

74
Q

Alopecia Areata (adrogenic areata)

A

sudden onset of hair loss, can occur in anyone, localized, no scaling or erythemia

75
Q
  1. ) Telogen Effluvium

2. ) Anagen Effluvium

A
  1. ) hair distribution normal but hair pull test positive

2. ) diffuse hair loss from roots, hair pull test negative

76
Q

scarring alopecia

A

scarring on the scalp, skiny skin, complete loss of hair, any scarring refer to dermatologist

77
Q

Paronychia

A

infection of nail folds. Red swollen, tender

78
Q

Habit tic deformity

A

depression of central nail that gives a “Christmas tree” appearance

79
Q

Melanonychia

A

increased pigmentation in nail matrix

80
Q

Onycholysis

A

traumatic shearing of nails

81
Q

Onychomycosis

A

nail thickening

Health Assessment (15 decks)

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