Abdomen Flashcards
visceral pain
hollow organs contract or become distended, gnawing, cramping, or aching pain or sold organs swell against their capsule
Parietal pain
inflammation, severe and localized
referred pain
originates at different sites but shares innervation from same spinal level (gallbladder pain in shoulder, topic pregnancy)
lower abdominal chronic conditions
lactose intolerance, IBS
upper abdominal chronic conditions
peptic ulcers, gastritis
scaphoid abdomen
dips in
which arteries do you auscultate on abdomen?
aorta, renal, iliac, femoral
how do you percuss the liver?
start below umbilicus and percuss up, then percuss from nipple line down
how many cm should liver be measure at midclavicular line?
6-12cm
how many cm should liver be measured at midsternal line?
4-8cm
How do you percuss the spleen
start on the left between 6th rib and anterior axillary line and percuss down
Traces space
costal margin
positive splenic percussion sign
percussing from tympani to dullness with inspiration which means a large spleen
palpating the liver
left hand behind patient to support 11th and 12th rib, ask pt to take a deep breath in and feel liver edge with right hand as they breath out
Gaurding
voluntary contraction of abdominal wall
Rigidity
involuntary reflex contraction of abdomen from peritoneal inflammation that persists
Rebound tenderness, and what if it is positive?
pain expressed by the patient after examiner presses down on an area of tenderness and removes hand, if positive percuss for tenderness
cough sign
point to pain after cough
when palpating kidneys which side do you lay them on?
to palpate right, turn them onto right side, to palpate left, turn them on their left side
CVA tenderness
percussing back with fist
Ascites
protuberant abdomen with bulging flanks
Ascites sound on percussion?
tympanic
where is mcburneys point?
2 inches from iliac crest
rovsing sign
push on left side and pain will be on right
psoas sign
lift leg and push on thigh
obturator sign
flex leg and rotate it
where is cholecystitis pain located and which test is used
right upper quadrant pain and tenderness, murphy sign
murphys sign
test for cholecystitis place right hand under costal margin (RUQ) and ask patient to take a deep breath in which should increase their pain if test is positive
Ventral Hernia
patient raises head and should off of table and observe for bulge
location of spleen
LUQ
location of liver
RUQ
location of ascending colon
RUQ
location gallbladder
RUQ
Location of head of pancrease
RUQ
location of duodenum
RUQ
location of right kidney and adrenal gland
RUQ
location of stomach
LUQ
location of body of pancrease
LUQ
location of defending colon
LUQ and LLQ
location of left kidney and adrenal gland
LUQ
location of caecum
RLQ
location of appendix
RLQ
location of R ovary and ureter
RLQ
location of sigmoid colon
LLQ
location of L ovary and ureter
LLQ
