Physical Assessment of Newborn Flashcards
newborn
0- 28 days
Ballard Score
to asses gestational maturity of newborn.
APGAR
Activity, Pulse, Grimace(reflex irritability), Appearance(skin color), Respiration, highest point is 2
a newborn should be birth weight by how many weeks?
2
visual and hearing for 1 month old
can focus 8-12 inches away, eyes wander, black and white, hearing is mature, turns toward familiar sounds
how big are Anterior Fontanels and what shape
2-3cm-diamond shape
how big are posterior fontanels and what shape
1 cm, triangular shaped
when do posterior fontanels close?
by 1-2 months
caput succedaneum, what is it and when does it go away?
edema of fetal scalp that crosses suture lines, swelling reabsorbs within 1-3 days
cephalohematoma, what is it and when does it go away?
blood between the periosteum and skull of newborn. reabsorbs within weeks-months
Micro/macrocephaly, what is it and what virus can cause this?
abnormally small/large head, zika virus is a concern with this
will a newborn have the red reflex?
yes
cephalohematoma complications
defective blood clotting, skull fracture, jaundice
when does a cephalohematoma appear?
AFTER birth
Caput vs Hematoma
Edema/blood collection
head circumference should be taken how many times during visit?
3, take the highest of all 3
what happens to the Philtrum with fetal alcohol syndrome?
its flat
Is it normal for newborns to have nipple discharge?
yes
normal heart sounds on a newborn?
S1, split S2, no murmurs
where is PMI located on a newborn?
4th ICS
SBP for newborn
<96
newborn umbilical cord consists of which 3 vessels?
2 arteries, 1 vein
liver diameter on newborn?
1-2 cm
are testes in scrotal sac with newborn?
yes
do you retract foreskin?
no
when are umbilical hernias repaired?
5 year old
if clitoris is enlarged what are you concerned for?
thyroid
Babinski reflex
dorsiflexion of great toe when sole of foot stimulated
when does babinski disapear
up to 2 yrs old
moro reflex
rapid abduction and extension of arms then adduction of arms
rooting reflex
infant turns mouth toward stimulus when cheek is stroked
tonic neck reflex
ipsilateral extension and contralateral flexion of infants extremities when head is turned to one side (arm goes out when head turned to that side, opposite knee goes up)
