Pregnant Woman Flashcards
progesterone has effects on external or internal changes?
external
estrogen has effects on external or internal changes?
internal
with pregnancy, which hormones increase?
estrogen, progesterone and pregnancy hormones (HCG)
what happens to systemic vascular resistance and pressure?
It falls
where do the ligamentous laxity occur?
SI and pubic symphysis
when do breast become more nodular during pregnancy?
3rd month
What happens to montgomerys glands (small bumps on areola) during pregnancy
they become more pronounced
what happens to breast size during pregnancy?
moderately increase
at which week can you palpate fundus?
12-14 weeks
what happens to vagina during pregnancy
walls become thicker and deeply rugated, secretions thick, white and more profuse
as uterus enlarges, where does it rotate and why?
to the right to accommodate the rectosigmoid structures on the left side of pelvis
chadwicks sign
cervix becomes purple because of vascularity
initial prenatal visit
confirm pregnancy with lab test, assess health status of mother, counsel mom to ensure healthy pregnancy
subsequent visits after initial prenatal visit
assess health status of mom, assess fetus, educate
if pregnant mom exposed to zika and symptomatic how do you test
test urine and blood <2 weeks after symptoms occur then test again in 2-12 weeks
if pregnant mom exposed to zika but not symptomatic how do you test
test <2weeks after exposure and test again in 2-12 weeks
How to calculate estimated date of delivery (Naegeles rule)
first date of LMP, add one week, subtract 3 months and add one year
LMP 5/19/18 when is EDD
2/26/19
Doptone can be used at which week?
10-12 weeks
fetoscope
18 weeks
fetal movement (quickening) occurs
18-24 weeks
earliest you can use ultrasound
can see gestational sac at 5 weeks
when are ultrasounds the most accurate?
early in pregnancy as opposed to later
preclampsia
elevaetd BP >140/>90 after 20 weeks WITH protein in urine
gestational HTN
BP >140/>90 after 20 weeks
chronic HTN
BP >140/>90 BEFORE 20 weeks
chloasma
normal brown patches of skin pigment found on pregnant women head
which heart sounds are commonly heard in pregnancy?
venous hums
fetal movement can be felt by examiner at how many weeks?
24 weeks
how is fundal height measured?
superior portion of pubis symphysis to top of fundus
from 20 weeks to 32 weeks, the fundal height in centimeters should be indicative of what?
the number of weeks of gestation
if fundal height is at the umbilicus the mom should be how many weeks pregnant
20 weeks
fetal HR during first weeks of pregnancy
150s-160s
fetal HR at term
120s-140s
Leopolds 1st maneuver
stand at patients side, feel the top, sides and pubic bone with hands
Leopolds 2nd maneuver
place one hand on each side of abdomen to get fetus in middle, one hand will steady fetus while the other feels fetus body parts
Leopolds 3rd maneuver
face patients feet, palpate area above pubic symphysis, if hands diverge then fetus has descended into pelvis, if hands don’t diverge, fetus is above pelvis
Leopolds 4th maneuver
you distinguish between a breech and vertex presentation
in a nonlaboring pregnant patient, how long is the cervix?
3-3 1/2 cm
when assessing the station of the presenting part in a term patient what are you assessing for?
how inferior the presenting part is compared to the ischial spines
initial lab work
CBC, blood typing, hepatitis panel, HIV testing, syphilis, UA and culture, PAP, chlamydia, gonorrhea cultures
how many visits does a pregnant mom have during first trimester?
one
how many visits does a pregnant mom have during 13-32 weeks?
monthly
how many visits does a pregnant mom have during 32 -36 weeks?
q2weeks
how many visits does a pregnant mom have during 36+ weeks?
every week
genetic screening is done?
15-18 weeks
iron and diabetes screening done?
24-28 weeks
group B strep screening done?
36 weeks
