Skin cancers

Question 1

What is the difference between solar lentigenes and freckles?

Answer 1

freckles fade in the winter and become inapparent in older ppl, whereas solar lentigines remain for life and become more prominent with aging

Question 2

, benign, bright red to violaceous, domed vascular lesions. They generally appear first around age 30 and increase in number over the years

Answer 2

cherry angiomas

Question 3

When should you do an excisional biopsy a lesion?

Answer 3

anytime a melanoma is suspected

Question 4

the most serious form of skin cancer. accounts for majority of skin cancer deaths. it is a malignant tumor arising from melanocytes.

Answer 4

melanoma

Question 5

Precursor lesions of melanoma

Answer 5

dysplastic nevi and giant hairy nevus

Question 6

ABCs of melanoma

Answer 6

asymmetry, border irregularity, color, diameter, enlargement

Question 7

refers to tumor thickness

Answer 7

breslow thickness

Question 8

refers to anatomical descriptor (anatomical planes) of depth (I-V) of the malignant cells, “to dermis but not subq” etc

Answer 8

clark level

Question 9

Most common subtype of melanoma that grows superficiallly and has good prognosis if caught early. Common btw 30-50yrs

Answer 9

superficial spreading

Question 10

Subtype of melanoma that is invasive from the onset, poor prognosis. Any site, has rapid vertical growth and typically diagnosed at later stage. Most frequently diagnosed in 6th decade of life

Answer 10

nodular melanoma

Question 11

Subtype of melanoma with tendency for head and neck. More common in elderly w/skin damage. Least aggressive

Answer 11

lentigo maligna

Question 12

Occurs on palms, soles, subungual areas, and mucous membranes. Most common in people with darker skin types. Commonly diagnosed at advanced stage, poor prognosis

Answer 12

Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

Question 13

Longitudinal pigmented streak that extends from proximal or lateral nail fold

Answer 13

Hutchinson’s sign

Question 14

Pigmented nevus surrounded by de-pigmented zone

Answer 14

halo nevus

Question 15

Most common malignancy in humans, esp whites. Arise from basal layer of epidermis and is caused by DNA damage of keratinocytes

Answer 15

basal cell carcinoma

Question 16

Typical appearance: translucent/pearly white papule with telangiectasias over the surface that slowly enlarges, with subsequent development of a central ulceration

Answer 16

basal cell carcinoma

Question 17

Where do most basal cell carcinomas occur?

Answer 17

on the face

Question 18

Surgical technique where thin layers of tumor tissue are removed and then examined microscopically

Answer 18

Moh’s micrographic surgery

Question 19

Arises from malignant proliferation of the keratinocytes of the epidermis. 2nd most common skin CA worldwide

Answer 19

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 20

How does SCC often begin?

Answer 20

actinic keratosis

Question 21

refers to carcinoma in situ, which is the next level following Actinic Keratosis. nonhealing, slowly enlarging erythematous patch with sharp but irregular outline

Answer 21

Bowen’s Disease

Question 22

flesh-colored nodule that enlarges and often undergoes ulceration and crusting (***lesion may be keratotic with a thickened surface)

Answer 22

invasive SCC

Question 23

Treatment for Bowen’s disease

Answer 23

Surgical excision of the lesion. Cryotherapy. 5-FU (Efudex) for 6 weeks under occlusion

Question 24

Cutaneous tumor that presents as a dome-shaped nodule with a central keratin-filled crater. Develops on hair-bearing, sun-exposed skin. Middle-aged and elderly adults with fair complexions are most frequently affected

Answer 24

keratoacanthoma

Question 25

Vascular tumor associated with infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as the KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)

Answer 25

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Question 26

Type of Kaposi’s not associated with immune deficiency

Answer 26

endemic or African

Question 27

Ethnic groups typically affected by classic form of Kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 27

Older men of Mediterranean and Jewish origin

Question 28

Other anatomical locations Kaposi’s affects

Answer 28

oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and the respiratory tract

Question 29

Presentation is papular, elliptical along skin tension lines with multiple colors and may be surrounded by yellow halo

Answer 29

kaposi’s

Question 30

Most important features to think about with derm lesion

Answer 30

change in size, color, and/or shape