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Dermatology (also gross but true) > Dermatopathology > Flashcards

Dermatopathology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Epidermis cell type that can be categorized into the “stratum” layers. Predominant cell of the epidermis

A

keratinocytes

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2
Q

essential to the protective function of the skin and is the structural protein of hair and nails. produced by keratinocytes

A

keratin

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3
Q

Name the five layers of the keratiocytes

A

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, germativum

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4
Q

Located at or in the basal layer. Pigment-synthesizing cells (produce melanin)

A

melenocytes

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5
Q

converts amino acid tyrosine to precursor of melanin. if you lack this enzyme you’re albino.

A

tyrosinase

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6
Q

Increases production of melanin

A

UV rays

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7
Q

T/F Dark-skinned and light-skinned people have same amount of melanocytes

A

true

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8
Q

Least densely populated cells of the epidermis

Function as mechanoreceptors (touch receptors).

A

Merkel’s cells

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9
Q

Scattered in the suprabasal layer of the epidermis. Immunologic cells responsible for recognizing foreign antigens harmful to the body

A

Langerhan’s cells

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10
Q

Connective tissue layer separating the epidermis from the subcutaneous fat layer. Mostly composed of collagen

A

Dermis

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11
Q

Consists primarily of fat and connective tissues that lend support to the vascular and neural structures supplying the dermis and epidermis

A

subcutanesou tissue

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12
Q

Located over entire body surface, originate in dermis and open directly to the skin surface. transport sweat to body surface to regulate body temperature

A

Eccrine (merocrine) glands

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13
Q

located in deep dermal layer. Open through a hair follicle. sterile until mixed with bacteria

A

apocrine glands

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14
Q

Located over the entire skin surface except for palms, soles, and sides of feet. secrete sebum to lubricate hair/skin

A

sebaceous glands

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15
Q

determine hair color

A

melanocytes

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16
Q

causes goose bumps

A

arrector pili muscle

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17
Q

Circumscribed flat lesion < 1cm

A

macule

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18
Q

Flat lesion > 1cm

A

patch

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19
Q

Elevated solid lesion with variable color < 0.5cm. May become confluent and become a plaque

A

papule

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20
Q

Raised flat-topped superficial lesion where diameter is greater than the thickness (>0.5cm)(often formed by coalescence of papules)

A

plaque

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21
Q

Elevated lesion with a rounded surface (generally deeper and firmer than a papule)(0.5 – 1-2cm)

A

nodule

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22
Q

Large nodule (>1-2cm)

A

tumor

23
Q

Somewhat irregular, transient swelling due to localized skin edema

A

wheal

24
Q

Fluid-filled lesion up to 1cm

A

vesicle

25
Q

Serous-filled lesion > 1cm

A

bulla

26
Q

Circumscribed lesion filled with pus

A

pustule

27
Q

Abnormal stratum corneum due to accumulation of, or increased shedding of keratinocytes

A

scales

28
Q

Dried serum, pus, or blood (pt’s history reveals weeping, pus, or blood)

A

crusts

29
Q

Partial loss of the epidermis (does not penetrate beneath dermal-epidermal border and therefore heals without scarring)

A

erosion

30
Q

Full thickness loss of epidermis and at least some dermis, maybe all (heals with scarring)

A

ulcer

31
Q

Linear splits in the epidermis and may also include the dermis (usually occurs at an orifice, over a joint, or along skin creases)

A

fissures

32
Q

Depression of the skin surface due to thinning of the epidermis or dermis (blood vessels can often be seen)

A

atrophy

33
Q

Localized damage to the skin due to scratching and consists of linear or pinpoint erosions or crusts

A

excoriation

34
Q

Plug of sebaceous and keratinized material lodged in opening of hair follicle

A

comedones

35
Q

Small superficial keratin cyst with no visible opening

A

milia

36
Q

Cavity lined with epithelium containing

fluid, pus, or keratin

A

cyst

37
Q

Infected lesion surrounded by a membrane and filled with exudate

A

abscess

38
Q

Narrow, elevated tortuous channel produced by a parasite

A

burrow

39
Q

Thickening of the epidermis with increased skin markings due to persistent scratching (skin lines are accentuated)

A

lichenification

40
Q

Surface contains a rounded depression in the center

A

umbilicated

41
Q

Dilated superficial blood vessels

A

telangiectasia

42
Q

Circumscribed deposit of blood < 0.5cm

A

petechia

43
Q

Circumscribed deposit of blood > 0.5cm

A

eccymosis

44
Q

Accumulation of abnormal keratin which is usually rough on palpation and difficult to remove

A

keratin horn

45
Q

Surface consists of minute finger-like or round projections

A

warty/papillomatous

46
Q

lesion caused by the inflammation of hair follicles, resulting in the localized accumulation of pus and dead tissues

A

furuncle

47
Q

Individual furuncles can cluster together and form an interconnected network of furuncles

A

carbuncle

48
Q

ring-shaped with active margin and clear center

A

annular

49
Q

medical term for skin lesion that is arched, bow-shaped

A

arcuate

50
Q

medical term for skin lesion that is like a target

A

iris

51
Q

medical term for skin lesion that is drop-sized

A

guttate

52
Q

small confluent macules, forming irregular shapes

A

morbilliform

53
Q

medical term for skin lesion that is coin-shaped

A

nummular

54
Q

medical term for skin lesion that blends into adjacent lesions

A

confluent

Dermatology (also gross but true) (12 decks)

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