Dermatopathology

Question 1

Epidermis cell type that can be categorized into the “stratum” layers. Predominant cell of the epidermis

Answer 1

keratinocytes

Question 2

essential to the protective function of the skin and is the structural protein of hair and nails. produced by keratinocytes

Answer 2

keratin

Question 3

Name the five layers of the keratiocytes

Answer 3

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, germativum

Question 4

Located at or in the basal layer. Pigment-synthesizing cells (produce melanin)

Answer 4

melenocytes

Question 5

converts amino acid tyrosine to precursor of melanin. if you lack this enzyme you’re albino.

Answer 5

tyrosinase

Question 6

Increases production of melanin

Answer 6

UV rays

Question 7

T/F Dark-skinned and light-skinned people have same amount of melanocytes

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Least densely populated cells of the epidermis

Function as mechanoreceptors (touch receptors).

Answer 8

Merkel’s cells

Question 9

Scattered in the suprabasal layer of the epidermis. Immunologic cells responsible for recognizing foreign antigens harmful to the body

Answer 9

Langerhan’s cells

Question 10

Connective tissue layer separating the epidermis from the subcutaneous fat layer. Mostly composed of collagen

Answer 10

Dermis

Question 11

Consists primarily of fat and connective tissues that lend support to the vascular and neural structures supplying the dermis and epidermis

Answer 11

subcutanesou tissue

Question 12

Located over entire body surface, originate in dermis and open directly to the skin surface. transport sweat to body surface to regulate body temperature

Answer 12

Eccrine (merocrine) glands

Question 13

located in deep dermal layer. Open through a hair follicle. sterile until mixed with bacteria

Answer 13

apocrine glands

Question 14

Located over the entire skin surface except for palms, soles, and sides of feet. secrete sebum to lubricate hair/skin

Answer 14

sebaceous glands

Question 15

determine hair color

Answer 15

melanocytes

Question 16

causes goose bumps

Answer 16

arrector pili muscle

Question 17

Circumscribed flat lesion < 1cm

Answer 17

macule

Question 18

Flat lesion > 1cm

Answer 18

patch

Question 19

Elevated solid lesion with variable color < 0.5cm. May become confluent and become a plaque

Answer 19

papule

Question 20

Raised flat-topped superficial lesion where diameter is greater than the thickness (>0.5cm)(often formed by coalescence of papules)

Answer 20

plaque

Question 21

Elevated lesion with a rounded surface (generally deeper and firmer than a papule)(0.5 – 1-2cm)

Answer 21

nodule

Question 22

Large nodule (>1-2cm)

Answer 22

tumor

Question 23

Somewhat irregular, transient swelling due to localized skin edema

Answer 23

wheal

Question 24

Fluid-filled lesion up to 1cm

Answer 24

vesicle

Question 25

Serous-filled lesion > 1cm

Answer 25

bulla

Question 26

Circumscribed lesion filled with pus

Answer 26

pustule

Question 27

Abnormal stratum corneum due to accumulation of, or increased shedding of keratinocytes

Answer 27

scales

Question 28

Dried serum, pus, or blood (pt’s history reveals weeping, pus, or blood)

Answer 28

crusts

Question 29

Partial loss of the epidermis (does not penetrate beneath dermal-epidermal border and therefore heals without scarring)

Answer 29

erosion

Question 30

Full thickness loss of epidermis and at least some dermis, maybe all (heals with scarring)

Answer 30

ulcer

Question 31

Linear splits in the epidermis and may also include the dermis (usually occurs at an orifice, over a joint, or along skin creases)

Answer 31

fissures

Question 32

Depression of the skin surface due to thinning of the epidermis or dermis (blood vessels can often be seen)

Answer 32

atrophy

Question 33

Localized damage to the skin due to scratching and consists of linear or pinpoint erosions or crusts

Answer 33

excoriation

Question 34

Plug of sebaceous and keratinized material lodged in opening of hair follicle

Answer 34

comedones

Question 35

Small superficial keratin cyst with no visible opening

Answer 35

milia

Question 36

Cavity lined with epithelium containing | fluid, pus, or keratin

Answer 36

cyst

Question 37

Infected lesion surrounded by a membrane and filled with exudate

Answer 37

abscess

Question 38

Narrow, elevated tortuous channel produced by a parasite

Answer 38

burrow

Question 39

Thickening of the epidermis with increased skin markings due to persistent scratching (skin lines are accentuated)

Answer 39

lichenification

Question 40

Surface contains a rounded depression in the center

Answer 40

umbilicated

Question 41

Dilated superficial blood vessels

Answer 41

telangiectasia

Question 42

Circumscribed deposit of blood < 0.5cm

Answer 42

petechia

Question 43

Circumscribed deposit of blood > 0.5cm

Answer 43

eccymosis

Question 44

Accumulation of abnormal keratin which is usually rough on palpation and difficult to remove

Answer 44

keratin horn

Question 45

Surface consists of minute finger-like or round projections

Answer 45

warty/papillomatous

Question 46

lesion caused by the inflammation of hair follicles, resulting in the localized accumulation of pus and dead tissues

Answer 46

furuncle

Question 47

Individual furuncles can cluster together and form an interconnected network of furuncles

Answer 47

carbuncle

Question 48

ring-shaped with active margin and clear center

Answer 48

annular

Question 49

medical term for skin lesion that is arched, bow-shaped

Answer 49

arcuate

Question 50

medical term for skin lesion that is like a target

Answer 50

iris

Question 51

medical term for skin lesion that is drop-sized

Answer 51

guttate

Question 52

small confluent macules, forming irregular shapes

Answer 52

morbilliform

Question 53

medical term for skin lesion that is coin-shaped

Answer 53

nummular

Question 54

medical term for skin lesion that blends into adjacent lesions

Answer 54

confluent