Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Derm Surg questions > Skin Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents > Flashcards

Skin Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is Pembrolizumad (Keytruda) Pem bro lee zoo mab

A

A monoclonal antibody (IgG4) that I a PD-1 Check point inhibitor (binds to the receptor on the T and B cell’s surface preventing the binding of the Programed death - ligand 1 “PD-1” ) that prevents T-cell deactivation so they can continue to proliferate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What skin cancer is Pembrolizumad (Keytruda) FDA approved to treat?

A

Melanoma. Also has been used in SCC and Merkel cell carcinoma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is Pembrolizumad (Keytruda) given?

A

IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lichenoid and Spongiotic eruptions associated with Pembrolizumad (Keytruda) in 17% of patients are due to what.

A

Robust immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Vemurafenib (Zelboraf)?

A

BRAF inhibitor that targets the MAPK pathway causing programmed cell death in melanoma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What mutation which 60% of melanomas have for Vemurafenib to be effective?

A

V600E BRAF mutation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of skin lesions may Vemurafenib cause?

A

SCCs, KAs and benign verrucous keratoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What skin cancer drug targets toll-like receptors 7 &8

A

Imiquimod/Aldara

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does binding to toll like receptors do?

A

Stimulates production of interferon gamma which activates T1 helper cells causing pro inflammatory cytokines to be released.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Cemiplimab.

A

monoclonal antibody that binds to a program death-1
receptor (PD-1 ) on T-cells preventing the PD-1 ligand to attach. The PD-1 ligand suppresses the T-Cell. Cemiiplimab cause the T-cells to proliferate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the generic name of Libtayo

A

Cemiplimab Seme plab nab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Cemiplimab Libtayo delivered

A

IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you pronounce Pembrolizumab

A

Pem bro lee zoo mab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does Atezolizumab do?

A

In melanoma the IgG1 antibody binds to the PD-L1 ligand which prevents it from binding to the receptor on the activated T and B cells thereby stopping inhibition of proliferation of these cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do you pronounce Atezolizumab?

A

Ah teza liz a mab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) work.

A

It’s an oncolytic herpes virus injected into a inoperable tumor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does Ipilimumab work?

A

its a monoclonal antibody which binds to CTL4 causing up regulation of the immune system in melanoma and other cancers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how you pronounce Ipilimumab

A

ip e lee myoo mab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the half life of etretinate?

A

120 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How long does one have to be on birth control after etretinate?

A

3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the dosage interval for Calcipotriol + 5FU for AKs

A

Bid application for four days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Imiquimod has what mechanism of action.

A

Binds to TLR7 (Toll like receptor) on immune cells to activate them. TLR7 binds to single stranded RNA in defence against viruses. Increases immunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the dosage for Imiquimod for TX of AKs.

A

3 x week for 12-16 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the dosage for Imiquimod for BCC

A

5x week for 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the dosage for Imiquimod for Melanoma in situ

A

5x week for 12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the brand name for Ingenol Mebutate

A

Picato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the mechanism of action of Ingenol Mebutate?

A

Activates protein kinase delta C causing direct cell death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the treatment and dose for Ingenol Mebutate? on the face.

A

.015 gel for three days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the treatment and dose for Ingenol Mebutate? on the arms.

A

.05 gel for two days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is the dosage for 5FU in treating AKs

A

5% cream BID for 2 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the mechanism of action of 5FU

A

inhibits Thymine synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the two PDT drugs.

A 
5aminolevulinic acid (5ALA)
Methyl aminolevulinate  MAL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What wavelength does 5 aminolevulinic acid work best at?

A

405 blue light The soret band 405-420

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What wavelength does Methyl aminolevulinic acid acid work at?

A

635 red light

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of PDT

A

drugs are selectively taken up by cancer cells and converts into protoporphyrins IX. Porphyrins when activated by light become toxic.

36
Q

Which penetrates deeper red or blue light tx?

A

Red light more than 2mm.

37
Q

5FU and calcipotriol (vit D) TX has what percentage of new SCCs in 3 years.

A

7%

38
Q

Why might 5FU and Calcipotriol have a prolonged effect.

A

Increase in epidermal resident memory T cells (Trm)

39
Q

For superficial BCC which has the highest cure rate at 3 years. PDT, imiquimod, 5FU

A
  1. Imiquimod 79%
  2. 5FU 68%
  3. PDT 58%
40
Q

How does Vismodegib and Sonidegib work for BCC?

A

In the hedgehog pathway they inhibit smoothened transmembrane receptor.

41
Q

Which of Vismodegib and Sonidegib is not FDA approved for metastatic BCC.

A

Sonidegib

42
Q

Which of Vismodegib and Sonidegib has a higher complete response rate?

A

Vismodegib 28%

Sonidegib 9%

43
Q

What are the brand names of Vismodegib and Sonidegib?

A

Vismodegib ERIVedge

Sonidegib Odomzo

44
Q

What are the four most common side effects of Vismodegib and Sonidegib?

A
  1. Muscle spasms 67%
  2. Alopecia 58%
  3. Dysgeusia 54%
  4. weight loss
45
Q

Which of Vismodegib and Sonidegib is more likely to cause muscle spasms with elevated creatinine kinase?

A

Sonidegib (Odomzo)

46
Q

Which of Vismodegib and Sonidegib are teratogenic?

A

Both, both extremely.

47
Q

What is the contraception period after taking Vismodegib or Sonidegib .

A

20 months women

8 months men

48
Q

How is sonidegib metabolized?

A

cytochrome P450 (drug interactions)

49
Q

Median tumor resistance develops in Vismodegib and Sonidegib for localized disease and Met disease in how many months

A

22 localized

10 mets

50
Q

for Sonidegib what labs should be monitored before and during treatment?

A

CK levels creatine kinase

51
Q

two treatments for dysgeusia associated with hedgehog pathway blockers.

A

tetrahydrocannabinol

zinc

52
Q

what may reduce side effects and increase durability with Vismodegib and Sonidegib

A

intermittent dosage.

53
Q

nibs do what

A

BRAF inhibitors

54
Q

Name two types of immunotherapy that are cytokines that increase T cells and their response against melanoma.

A

Interferon and Interleukin 2

55
Q

In targeted therapy for melanoma what is targeted?

A

MAPK pathway (which regulates cell proliferation)

56
Q

What are the 5 steps in the MAPK pathway.

A

NRA - BRAF -MEK -ERK -gene transcription

57
Q

what drugs work on the MAPK pathway in treating melanoma.

A

nibs

58
Q

What is the most common gene mutated in the MAPK pathway

A

BRAF V600E

59
Q

What two components of the MAPK pathway do nibs block.

A

BRAF and MEK

60
Q

What are the two nibs that block BRAF

A

Vemura fe and Dabra fe and encora fe

61
Q

What are the two nibs that block MEK

A

Tra met and Cobi met and Bimi met

62
Q

What is one side effect in blocking BRAF

A

increase in SCC and BCC

63
Q

What are two side effects in blocking MEK

A

photosensitivity and acne

64
Q

Why are BRAF and MEK inhibitors given together?

A

less side effects and longer duration

65
Q

How fast is onset with BRAF and MEK inhibitors?

A

6 weeks

66
Q

What is the normal duration of response to BRAF and MEK inhibitors?

A

1 to 1 1/2 years

67
Q

What % of melanomas are BRAF + meaning have the BRAF mutation?

A

50%

68
Q

What are the check point inhibitors for melanoma

A

umabs

69
Q

Are checkpoint inhibitors targeted therapy or immunotherapy?

A

Immunotherapy

70
Q

What does ipilimumab block

A

CTLA-4 (which is a negative regulator of T cell immune function)

71
Q

What is tirbanibulin

A

5 day topical treatment for AKs

72
Q

What drug is a microtubule inhibitor used in the treatment of AKs

A

tribanibulin

73
Q

What is the brand name of tirbanibulin

A

Klisyri

74
Q

What did cemiplimab just get approved for.

A

Treatment of BCC. Was already approved for advanced cutaneous SCC

75
Q

What drug targets the CTLA-4 receptor on T-cells to reinvigoration of the T-cells to attack melanoma

A

Ipilimumab

76
Q

What does vismodegib inhibit

A

smoothened in the sonic hedgehog pathway

77
Q

5FU is an antagonist to what?

A

pyrimidine synthesis

78
Q

what is the mechanism of action for Ipilimumab

A

Targets the CTLA-4 receptor on T cells

79
Q

What does Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) do?

A

it is an immunosuppressant for renal transplants it blocks purine synthesis. It is used off label as a steroid sparing drug for autoimmune diseases.

80
Q

what is vorinostat

A

it is a histone inhibitor used in MF

81
Q

What is the most common mutated gene in the MAPK pathway?

A

BRAF V600E

82
Q

what is the two year survival on ipilimumab and Nivolumab

A

60%

83
Q

which of the two has a higher cure rate for BCC and which has more systemic toxicities? Imiquimod and 5FU

A

Imiquimod higher cure rate and higher systemic toxicity.

84
Q

Do NSAIDs taken 8+ times a week increase risk for SCC and AKs

A

no, it decreases risk

Derm Surg questions (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions