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Pathology > skin and cancer quizzie > Flashcards

skin and cancer quizzie Flashcards

1
Q

skin layers in order of epidermis
BSGLC

A

basale
spinosum
granulosum
lucidum
corneum

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2
Q

what is and where is bullous impetigo found

A

bacterial skin infection

nose, hands, mouth, feet

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3
Q

what does cellulitis do

A

causes inflammation of lower layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues

skin is red, swollen

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4
Q

what is erysipelas caused by

A

group A strep

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5
Q

furuncle vs carbuncle

A

furnuncle = boil, one of them

carbuncle - many of them

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6
Q

where is tinea capitis found

A

scalp

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7
Q

where is tinea corporis found

A

general body regions

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8
Q

tinea pedis

A

athlete’s foot

most common type

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9
Q

where is tinea crusis found

A

groin

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10
Q

where is tinea barbae found

A

beard and neck

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11
Q

where is tinea unguium found

A

nails

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12
Q

where is tinea manus found

A

hand

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13
Q

where is tinea versicolor found

A

covers chest

only tinea that does not cause itching

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14
Q

what causes acne vulgaris

A

cutibacterium acnes bacteria

caused by puberty

hair follicle is clogged w sebum and dead skin

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15
Q

what is telangiectasias

A

small visible superficial blood vessels

formation of blood vessels

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16
Q

what are psoriasis

A

chronic scaly silver colored patches caused by overgrowth of epidermis and dermal papillae

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17
Q

what membrane does basal cell carcinoma affect

A

basement membrane

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18
Q

what are the other names for skin tag

A

cutaneous papilloma

acrochordon

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19
Q

what is the difference between a corn and a callus

A

corn is harder, smaller, more painful

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20
Q

what is a papule

A

solid elevation of skin w no visible fluid

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21
Q

what is a pustule

A

small bumps or blisters on the skin that fill w fluid or pus

appear as white bumps

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22
Q

what is a nodule

A

growth of abnormal tissue

found in dermis, deeper tissue and internal organs

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23
Q

what is a cyst

A

enclosed sac pocket of membranous tissue that contains fluid or air

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24
Q

what is a bullae

A

fluid filled sac or lesion

type of blister

fluid trapped between layers of skin

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25
Q

what is an abscess (boil or furnunlce)

A

collection of pus causing redness, pain, warmth, swelling

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26
Q

what is non bullous impetigo

A

bacterial infection on skin

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27
Q

what is ecthyma

A

infection forms a pustule that crusts over like an ulcer

deeper form of impetigo

from strep aureus or step pyogenes

28
Q

where does erysipelas cause inflammation

A

upper layer (dermis) of skin and subcutaneous tissue

from group A strep

29
Q

what is folliculitis

A

infection causing inflammation of a hair follicle forming pustule

if in eye called sty

30
Q

what is chronic inflammation of hair follicle epithelium causing small painful lumps to form under skin where skin rubs together or rich in apocrine glands is called what

A

hidradenitis suppurativa

31
Q

what are tinea infections

A

group of infectious fungus called dermatophytes invade human epidermis and live off KERATIN

contagious

32
Q

with lice what about them irritates the skin

A

their saliva

33
Q

what leaves wavy trails and creates tiny red pustules causing itching

A

mites/scabies

saliva irritates skin

34
Q
A
34
Q

viral infection of skin causing benign round firm bumps

spreading through skin to skin contact or contact w fomites is called what

A

viral molluscum contagiosum

35
Q

skin irritation w erythema, pustules, telangiectasias over cheek is called what

A

acne rosacea

36
Q

what is pseudofolliculitis barbae

A

inflammation reaction of facial hair, just shaved hair growing backwards

37
Q

what is alopecia

A

hair loss

38
Q

erythema multiforme

A

target shaped lesions on the skin and mucous membranes

inflamm reaction to drugs

39
Q

what is a severe inflamm reaction to drugs called

A

steven johnsons syndrome

flu like symptoms by a rash

40
Q

primary irritant contact dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin - edema, erythema, scaling

non specific response of skin to chemical damage

41
Q

nummular dermatitis

A

itchy, red rash over trunk and butt
small vesicles or scales

lesion is macular or coin shaped

42
Q

stasis dermatitis

A

chronic
inflamm, ulcers, itchy skin on lower legs

affects ppl w underlying vascular conditions like chornic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, DVT

43
Q

neurodermatitis

A

begins w one itchy patch of skin

44
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A

skin irritation close to sebaceous glands found on face, scalp, trunk

DANDRUFF

45
Q

where do tumors flow freely

A

bone marrow
lymphatic fluid
body tissues
blood

46
Q

what are the 6 characteristics that are different of cancer cells

A

anaplasia
anchorage independent
lack of contact inhibition
immortality
angiogenesis
genetic instability

47
Q

what do anaplasias do

A

no function besides reproducing

48
Q

benign = limited growth, encapsulated

A

malignant = uncontrollable growth

49
Q

what is metastasis

A

process where tumor cells move from one site in the body to another site

only malignant cells spread

50
Q

3 main pathways for spread of malignant tumors

A
  1. lymphatic system
  2. bloodstream (hematogenous spread)
  3. seeding of the surfaces of body cavities
51
Q

what is the metastatic cascade

A

as tumor grows, cells develop ability to metastasize

they enter lymphatic system/blood stream, fluids carry cells away to a diff site where they begin to form new tumor

cancerous cells must escape immune systems attack w T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, macrophages

must form new blood supply to bring O2 and nutrients for the new tumor to grow called angiogenesis

52
Q

which “oma”s are malignant (3)

A

lymphoma
glioma
seminomas

53
Q

what are malignant tumors of mesenchymal cells called

A

sarcomas

fibrosarcoma
chondrosarcoma
liposarcoma

54
Q

what are malignant tumors of epithelial cells called

A

carcinomas

55
Q

what are malignant tumors of glands and ducts called

A

adenocarcinomas

56
Q

what can Epstein barr virus lead to

A

burkitt’s lymphoma or nasopharyngeal cancer

57
Q

what does human T cell lymphoma cause

A

leukemia

58
Q

60% of cervical cancer patient’s have HPV

A
59
Q

what protects against activation of tumor cells and excessive cell division

A

tumor suppressor genes

60
Q

what limits growth of malignant tumors

A

natural killer cells
macrophages
cytotoxic T lymphocytes

61
Q
A
61
Q

what is incidence

A

number of new cases over specific period

62
Q

what is prevalence

A

number of all cases in a specific population over specific period

63
Q
A

Pathology (8 decks)

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