respiratory Flashcards
common cold
- upper respiratory tract infection
- acute inflammation of nose and pharynx , larynx
- contagious
- virus enters nose/mouth from fomite
- caused by rhinovirus
pathogenesis of common cold
- influx of polymorphonuclear cells
- cytokine release & vascular leakiness
what pathology involves goblet cells overproducing and mucus building up
sinusitis
inflammation of pharynx caused by bacteria or virus & spreads through droplets is what
pharyngitis
caused by group A strep
pathogenesis of pharyngitis
virus replicates in mucosal cells damaging and invading nearby cells
inflammation of larynx
laryngitis
virus replicates in mucosal tissue invading nearby cells and causes edema around larynx affecting vibration and voice production
inflammation of pleural membranes surrounding lungs
pleurisy(pleuritis)
wet= INCREASE in intrapleural fluids
dry = DECREASE in intrapleural fluids
inflammation of air sacs in lungs (alveoli) caused by bacterial/viral infection
air sacs fill with fluid
pneumonia
most common infectious cause of death
build up of excess fluid between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura lining the lungs
pleural effusion
patho of pulmonary edema
due to blood pressure increases in veins bringing blood from the heart into lungs causing fluid to be pushed into alveoli
type 1 respiratory failure
HYPOXEMIC , impaired at alveolar membrane or respiratory exchange membrane
type 2 respiratory failure
HYPERCAPNIC - respiratory pump failure
pathology that is a contagious bacterial lung infection
can affect live, bone marrow, spleen
most widespread disease in the world
tuberculosis
primary vs secondary TB
primary = macrophages, lymphocytes encapsulate the bacteria and form a tubercle, the tubercle forms a cheesy material called caseation
secondary = reactivation of primary TB by rupturing tubercle
what cancer can result in clubbed fingers
lung cancer
