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Locomotion > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

List the functions of skin

A 
Protection
Sensation
Thermoregulation
Metabolic function
Psychological
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2
Q

What are the three histological layers of skin?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutis (Hypodermis)

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3
Q

What type of epithelium is epidermis?

A

Keratinised stratified squamous epitherlium on a basement membrane

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4
Q

What two layers is the dermis split into?

A

Papillary dermis

Reticular dermis

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5
Q

What four layers make up the epidermis? (Come let’s Get Sun Burnt)

A 
Stratum corneum
Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skin)
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum 
Stratum basale
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6
Q

In psoriasis, how long is the transition from basal cell to keratin?

A

Accelerated maturation of 7 days

Normal - 50-60 days

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7
Q

What other types of cells exist in the epidermis? and their basic functions?

A

Melanocytes - produce melanin
Langerhan cells - antigen presenting cells
Merkel cells - fine touch

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8
Q

What is Vitiligo?

A

Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, causing areas of hypopigmentation

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9
Q

What is the condition called when the skin is hyperelastic?

A

Ehlers-Danlos (disorder of collagen)

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10
Q

What is the name of the muscle which pulls hair up/down for warmth?

A

Arrector pili muscle

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11
Q

What type of glands are present in skin? (SEA)

A

Sebaceous - oily
Eccrine - sweat
Apocrine - sweat in axilla and groin

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12
Q

What condition is caused by inflammation of pilosebaceous units?

A

ACNE

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13
Q

What are the structures in the nail?

A 
Nail plate
Nail bed
Nail root
Nail matrix
Lunula - matrix underneath nail bed
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14
Q

What is the cuticle made from?

A

thickened epidermis

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15
Q

What are the ABCDEs of melanoma?

A 
Asymmetry
Borders
Colour
Diameter
Evolving
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16
Q

What are the 3 blood circulations in skin?

A

Sub-papillary plexus
Arterio-venous anastomoses (between them)
Cutaneous plexus

17
Q

Which neoplasm do the below features indicate?
Most common
Develops on sun exposed sites
Slow growing

A

Basal cell carcinoma

18
Q 
Which neoplasm do the below features indicate?
2nd most common
Arises from stratum spinosum
Develops on sun exposed sites
Dermal invasion - spreads via lymph
A

Squamous cell carcinoma

19
Q 
Which neoplasm do the below features indicate?
Least common/highest mortality
Arises from melanocytes
UV damage (sunburn)
Family history
horizontal and vertical spread
A

Malignant melanoma

Locomotion (26 decks)

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