Skin Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of the skin
A
- protection
- homeostasis
- sensory
- endocrine
2
Q
Protection
A
Barrier, immunologic
3
Q
Homeostasis
A
Fluid, thermoregulation, excretory
4
Q
Layers of the skin
A
- epidermis: epithelial layer
- dermis: underlying connective tissue
- subcutis: panniculus, hypodermis
5
Q
Epidermal derivatives
A
Adnexa: extra structures - hair - nails - hooves - glands Derived from the stratum basale of the epidermis and embedded in the dermis
6
Q
Epidermis
A
- Stratified squamous epithelium (keratinocytes)
- Melanocytes (pigment)
- Langerhans’ cells (antigen presentation)
- Merkel cells (sensory)
7
Q
Keratinocytes
A
Matured cells that have lost their nucleus become keratin debris at the top
8
Q
How many pigments do mammals produce?
A
1, black
9
Q
Epidermis Appendages
A
- hair
- glands
- nails/hooves
10
Q
Epidermal appendages are also called ____
A
Adnexa
11
Q
Types of skin glands
A
- Sweat (eccrine, apocrine)
- Mammary
- Sebaceous (sebum)
12
Q
Can you tell nails and hooves apart histologically?
A
No, both are keratinized structures
13
Q
What are glands lined by?
A
Cuboidal epithelium
14
Q
Layers of the epidermis
A
- S. corneum
- S. lucidum: not present in non-human mammals
- S. granulosum: see granularity in the cytoplasm
- S. spinosum: start to see spaces
- S. basale (germinativum): layer on the basement membrane
15
Q
Strata vs stratum
A
Strata: 5 layers of the epithelium
Stratum: 1 layer
