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Cosmetics Lec - K > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Rising price sensitivity resulted to prioritization of ___________ and overall declines except for ________ and __________

A

expenditures; acne treatments; hand care treatments

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2
Q

is the largest sensory and contact organ in the human body

A

Skin

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3
Q

Skin surface area

A

1.5-2m^2

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4
Q

skin is mainly composed of the _______ and the _______.

A

epidermis; dermis

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5
Q

layer that is right under the dermis

A

Hypodermis

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6
Q

Hypodermis is composed mainly of _______ cells

A

fatty

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7
Q

Layers of epidermis:

A

-Stratum Corneum
-stratum lucidum
-Stratum granulosum
-Stratum spinosum
-Stratum basale

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8
Q

Also called as the Horny layer

A

Startum corneum

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9
Q

outer part. It comes
into contact with the external environment and is the target of a lot of cosmetic products.

A

Stratum corneum

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10
Q

It consists of dead keratinocytes and is around 15 to 20 layers of dead cells.

A

Startum corneum

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11
Q

also consists of dead cells but this particular layer is thinner and is translucent/clear.

A

Stratum lucidum

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12
Q

the flattened keratinocytes are beginning to die in this layer.

A

Stratum granulosum (Granular layer)

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13
Q

cells here have a different appearance. They are not as flattened yet and they have a spiny appearance.

A

Startum spinosum

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14
Q

Also called as Pricklecell layer

A

Startum spinosum

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15
Q

This is where lipid and protein synthesis ocurs

A

Startus spinosum

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16
Q

this is where active cell division occurs, and from which we generate new keratinocytes

A

Stratum basale (Stratum germinativum/Basal cell layer)

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17
Q

The cells that we see in the different layers of the epidermis start developing from the ________________

A

stratum basale/stratum germinativum

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18
Q

the nutrients and oxygen supply of the epidermis come from the dermis, the cells begin to die when they reach the third layer called ______________

A

stratum granulosum

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19
Q

Cells eventually flatten up to the part where they reach the ____________and this is where eventually the dead cells are sloughed off.

A

stratum corneum

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20
Q

immune cells that are present in the
skin

A

Langerhans cell

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21
Q

cells that are responsible to the
production of melanin which is primarily responsible for
the skin color

A

Melanocytes

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22
Q

responsible for tactile or touch reception

A

Merkel cell

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23
Q

One of the main functions of the __________ is to provide a protective barrier from excessive water loss and entry of potentially harmful substances.

A

epidermis

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24
Q

The protective function of epidermis is due to the

A

brick and mortar” structure of the stratum corneum

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25
Q

what the brick refers to. These are dead keratinocytes that are surrounded by cornifide envelopes.

A

Corneocytes

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26
Q

It consists of lipidic material and further adds to the water resistant character of the epidermis

A

Desmosome

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27
Q

Desmosome is placed between

A

corneocytes

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28
Q

the matrix upon which we find our cells

A

Mortar

29
Q

It is the intercellular lipid layer consisting of ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids.

A

Mortar

30
Q

provides the waterproof function of the epidermis.

A

The brick and mortar structure

31
Q

Within the ____________, we find the natural moisturizing factors which are ___________ that help maintain the hydration of the stratum corneum

A

corneocytes; hygroscopic compounds

32
Q

lactic acid, urea and PCA (Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid).

A

natural humectants

33
Q

Refers to the epidermal renewal process and typically takes 28 days in young skin

A

Desquamation Process (Keratinization)

34
Q

Desquamation process starts from

A

stratum basale

35
Q

Every _________ days, the cells should be renewed

A

28

36
Q

T/F: Unlike the epidermis, dermis is not largely made up of cells only

A

True

37
Q

Provides elasticity

A

Elastin

38
Q

Responsible for strength of the skin

A

Collagen

39
Q

Moisturizing agent

A

Hyaluronic acid

40
Q

Responsible for producing intercellular substances including collagen

A

Fibrolast

41
Q

Composed mostly of fatty cells and known as a subcutaneous layer.

A

Hypodermis

42
Q

It provides a cushioning layer to protect vital organs from impact and also acts as an insulator from cold

A

Hypodermis

43
Q

refers to the diffusion of water through the skin (g of water/meter square per hour) (passive diffusion process)

A

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL)

44
Q

consists of fixed types of microorganisms that protects from pathogenic bacteria (naturally present in the skin and help protect from pathogenic bacteria)

A

Residen flora

45
Q

T/F: Resident flora is easily removed

A

False

46
Q

Common fized types of microorganisms

A

Staph, strep, acinetobacter, malassezia

47
Q

consists of non pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms (usually a product from our exposure to the environment)

A

Transient flora

48
Q

T/F: Transient flora can easily be removed by handwashing with appropriate soap product

A

True

49
Q

Skin pH

A

4.5-5.5 (Acidic)

50
Q

T/F: Use of alkaline products is beneficial to the skin

A

False

51
Q

T/F: Acidic mantel or acid ph is essential to the maintenance of the resident flora

A

True

52
Q

Skin has a ________ charge at physiological pH

A

negative

53
Q

Skin Type: Always freckles, always burns/peels, never tans

A

I (Ivory)

54
Q

skin type: Usually freckles, often burns/peels, rarely tans

A

Type II (Fair to pale)

55
Q

Skin Type: Might freckle, burns on occasion, sometimes tans

A

Type III : Fair to beige, with golden undertones

56
Q

Doesn’t really reckle, burns rarely, often tans

A

Type IV (Olive or light brown)

57
Q

Rarely freckles, almost never burns, always tans

A

Type V: Dark brown

58
Q

Never freckles, never burns, always tans

A

Type VI : Deeply pigmented dark brown to darkest brown

59
Q

Skin type used to test efficacy of skin whitening products

A

skin type 4-5

60
Q

Skin type used to test effectiveness for sunblock

A

Skin type 2-3

61
Q

Dry/Oily : Red patches

A

Dry

62
Q

Dry/Oily: Almost invisible pores

A

Dry

63
Q

Dry/Oily: enlarged pores

A

Oily

64
Q

Dry/Oily: blackheads, pimples, or other blemishes

A

Oily

65
Q

Who has thicker skin? Men or Women?

A

Men

66
Q

Men has thicker skin due to _______

A

testosterone

67
Q

has larger pores, is oilier, sweats more, and is more prone to impurities and acne

A

Men skin

68
Q

T/F: Men skin are more sensitiveto uv rays high case of skin cancer

A

True

69
Q

T/F: Signs of aging may appear later in men but wrinkles appear fully grooved

A

True

Cosmetics Lec - K (13 decks)

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