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Cosmetics Lec - K > Lec: Oral > Flashcards

Lec: Oral Flashcards

Sans Ingredients

1
Q

T/F: There is an Upturn in demand for oral care due to closure of dental
clinics

A

True

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2
Q

Unit prices of power toothbrushes dropped due to
_____________ strategies

A

discounting

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3
Q

___________ strengthened leadership with 48%
value share

A

Colgate-Palmolive

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4
Q

Most complex and most accessible microbial ecosystem of the
human body

A

HUMAN ORAL CAVITY

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5
Q

is the visible part that extends above the gum (gingiva)

A

Crown:

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6
Q

sits in the upper or lower jawbone, remains invisible until
recession of the gum exposes some root surfaces

A

Root:

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7
Q

is the boundary between root and crown

A

Neck:

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8
Q

is the mucosa that covers the upper and lower jaws, and
surrounds the neck of the teeth

A

Gingiva:

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9
Q

is a **soft connective tissue **containing
nerves and blood vessels from the root canal.

A

Dental cavity (pulp cavity):

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10
Q

PARTS OF THE TOOTH

A

Enamel
Dentin
Cementum

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11
Q

Hardest substance in the human body

A

ENAMEL

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12
Q

Prevents the tooth from wearing away under pressure of chewing

A

ENAMEL

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13
Q

Contains calcium hydroxyapatite which starts to dissolve below pH
5.5.

A

ENAMEL

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14
Q

__________ and ________________ impacts enamel hardness
and strength

A

Demineralization and remineralization

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15
Q

ENAMEL contains _____________ which starts to dissolve below pH 5.5

A

calcium hydroxyapatite

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16
Q

Yellowish bone-like layer surrounding the dental cavity

A

DENTIN

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17
Q

Forms the largest portion of the tooth

A

DENTIN

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18
Q

More porous, softer, more sensitive, and more susceptible to decay
and wear if exposed

A

DENTIN

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19
Q

Special connective tissue that covers the dentin at the root

A

CEMENTUM

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20
Q

Binds the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone, and
anchored in the jaw by the periodontal ligament

A

CEMENTUM

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21
Q

Sticky, colorless film of bacteria and sugars that form on
the teeth

A

PLAQUE:

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22
Q

Disease resulting in the breakdown and
destruction of the enamel due to demineralization

A

DENTAL CARIES:

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23
Q

Hardened plaque that causes yellowish-
brown discoloration to the teeth

A

DENTAL CALCULUS:

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24
Q

Infection of the gums
that can progress to affect bone that surround and support the teeth

A

GUM DISEASE (PERIODONTAL DISEASE)-

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25
Q

Brief episodes of sharp well-localized pain
when subjected to various stimuli

A

TOOTH SENSITIVITY-

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26
Q

Spots or small areas
on the teeth contrasting with the rest of teeth color

A

DENTAL STAINS (TEETH DISCOLORATION)-

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27
Q

Oral malodor due to foods,
alcohol, tobacco, or disease

A

BAD BREATH (HALITOSIS)-

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28
Q

Paste or gel designed to help remove plaque and stains from the
teeth, and keep breath fresh

A

TOOTHPASTE (Oral Dentifrice)

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29
Q

Improves mechanical brushing and cleaning power of a toothbrush

A

TOOTHPASTE (Oral Dentifrice)

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30
Q

Liquid designed to refresh the breath and enhance oral hygiene

A

MOUTHWASH (Oral or Mouth Rinse)

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31
Q

Use after brushing for more effective cleaning effect

A

MOUTHWASH (Oral or Mouth Rinse)

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31
Q

Make teeth brighter in dental office settings or salons

A

TOOTH WHITENING PRODUCTS (Bleaching Products)

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32
Q

Contains ingredients that remove teeth discoloration

A

TOOTH WHITENING PRODUCTS (Bleaching Products)

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33
Q

Mild abrasive powder used with a toothbrush

A

TOOTH POWDER

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34
Q

Thin filament used to remove debris and bacterial film caught
between the

A

DENTAL FLOSS

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35
Q

Change in the appearance of the enamel which may vary from
barely noticeable white spots to staining and pitting

A

DENTAL FLUOROSIS

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36
Q

May be caused by too much fluoride consumption in children

A

DENTAL FLUOROSIS

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37
Q

Spots and stains left on the teeth are permanent and may darken
over time

A

DENTAL FLUOROSIS

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38
Q

T/F: DENTAL FLUOROSIS has pleasant taste and smell

A

True

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39
Q

T/F: DENTAL FLUOROSIS do not
foam well

A

false. foams well

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40
Q

T/F:DENTAL FLUOROSIS is non sticky and has good texture

A

True

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41
Q

T/F: DENTAL FLUOROSIS should be bubble free

A

True

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42
Q

Mild cosmetic detergent for cleaning the teeth

A

TOOTHPASTE

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43
Q

Intended to freshen the breath and remove deposits from the teeth

A

TOOTHPASTE

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44
Q

Protection of teeth from cavities, calculus formation, and gum
diseases

A

TOOTHPASTE

45
Q

TOOTHPASTE FORMULATION contains

A

Abrasives
Surfactants
Thickeners
pH Regulators
Water
Preservative
Sweetening Agents
Coloring Agents
Flavoring Agents
Natural Ingredients
Anticaries compoonents
Antiplaque and Antigingivitis components
Anithypersenstitivity Agents
Anticalculus/tartar control ingredients
Whitening Ingredients
Antimalodor Ingredients

46
Q

Insoluble inorganic ingredients that clean and polish teeth to
remove debris and residual surface stains

47
Q

Consider hardness, toughness, chemical inertness, and particle
size and shape

48
Q

“___________-based abrasives should be avoided in toothpastes
containing sodium fluoride since formation of an insoluble calcium
salt ____________ (increase/decrease) active fluoride concentration”

A

Calcium; decrease

49
Q

Aid in cleaning and foaming

A

SURFACTANTS

50
Q

Type of surfactant used in toothpaste formulation

51
Q

Hydrophilic colloids that disperse and swell in the water phase of
the toothpaste

A

THICKENERS (Binders)

52
Q

Used to maintain the integral stability of the paste, prevent
sedimentation of abrasives, and provide toothpaste formulations
with specific rheological property

A

THICKENERS (Binders)

53
Q

Used to neutralize thickeners

A

pH REGULATORS

54
Q

Prevent paste from drying out, locking of the cap to the nozzle, and
hardening to an unacceptable level

A

HUMECTANTS

55
Q

Provide shine and some plasticity to the paste

A

HUMECTANTS

56
Q

Vehicle for all toothpaste formulations

57
Q

Used to disperse thickeners, dissolve components, mix liquids, and
act as carrier for other ingredients

58
Q

Prevent microbiological growth in water-based formulations

A

PRESERVATIVES

59
Q

Important for product acceptability

A

SWEETENING AGENTS

60
Q

T/F: “Although sweetness may be hundreds to thousand times sweeter
than table sugar, they do not contribute to dental caries because
they are not fermented by the microflora of the dental plaque.”

61
Q

One of the most expensive components and most crucial in view of
customer preferences

A

FLAVORING AGENTS

62
Q

___________ flavors dominate adult toothpastes, while _________ and
___________ in children products

A

Mint; bubble gum; fruit aromas

63
Q

Maybe added to the paste as a whole or to only a small part to
make colored striped products

A

COLORING AGENTS

64
Q

Added for antibacterial, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory effects,
cleansing, whitening, and masking of bad breath

A

NATURAL INGREDIENTS

65
Q

To prevent cavities, strengthen the tooth enamel and remineralize
tooth decay

A

ANTICARIES COMPONENTS

66
Q

____________ initiates and speeds up remineralization and slows down
demineralization

67
Q

Allowable total fluoride ____________ ppm for 2 yrs. and above _________
ppm for 6 yrs. and above

A

850-1150; 1500

68
Q

Antiseptics or antimicrobials that kill or inhibit bacteria causing
plaque and gingivitis

A

ANTIPLAQUE AND ANTIGINGIVITIS COMPONENTS

69
Q

___________ acts by antibacterial effect and inhibitory effect
on bacterial enzymes

A

Stannous fluoride

70
Q

an antibacterial agent widely used in toothpastes,
deodorants, and soaps

71
Q

Used to protect exposed tooth surfaces and the gingival margin

A

ANTIHYPERSENSITIVITY AGENTS

72
Q

desensitize the tooth nerve endings

A

Potassium components

73
Q

reduce the permeability of dentin and
prevent the nerve endings from being stimulated

A

Strontium chloride, stannous fluoride (at 0.454%), and calcium
sodium phosphosilicate,

74
Q

Also known as crystal growth inhibitors

A

ANTICALCULUS / TARTAR CONTROL INGREDIENTS

75
Q

Prevent calculus formation on the surface of the teeth through
controlling mineralization

A

ANTICALCULUS / TARTAR CONTROL INGREDIENTS

76
Q

______________ whitening products contain agents that work by
physical or chemical action to help remove surface stains only.

A

Non-bleaching

77
Q

change the natural tooth color.

A

Bleaching agents

78
Q

Flavors freshen breath by masking the bad odor.

A

ANTIMALODOR INGREDIENTS

79
Q

Action of antimalodor is _________ (temporary/permanent)

A

Temporary because saliva can quickly wash away flaboring ingredients

80
Q

RHEOLOGY OF TOOTHPASTES

A

BINGHAM PLASTIC
PSEUDOPLASTIC ( Shear Thinning)

81
Q

Behave as solid at rest, and start to move as viscous fluid when a
minimum force (yield stress) is applied on them

A

BINGHAM PLASTIC

82
Q

Does not flow out of an open container if no pressure is used and
can “stand up” on the brush without running into bristles of the brush
or rolling off the sides

A

BINGHAM PLASTIC

83
Q

Stays viscous until force is applied; viscosity reverts to original high
value when shear force is removed

A

PSEUDOPLASTIC ( Shear Thinning)

84
Q

Clear, colored solution used to refresh the breath by swishing the
product around the mouth, followed by spitting it out

85
Q

May help prevent tooth decay, gingivitis, plaque formation, or tartar
formation

86
Q

MOUTHWASH Formulation

A

Solvents
Humectants
Surfactants
Astringents
Preservatives
Flavoring Agents
Sweeteners, colorants, natural ingredients
Anticaries Agents
Antihypersensitivity Agents
Antitartar agents
Antiplaque/ Antigingivitis Agents
Whitening Agents

87
Q

Solvent used for Mouthwash

88
Q

Increases product viscosity and produces good mouthfeel

A

HUMECTANTS

89
Q

Used to solubilize flavoring oils and stabilize the product

A

SURFACTANTS

90
Q

Can provide foaming action on use, and contribute to cleansing
effect

A

SURFACTANTS

91
Q

Serve as temporary deodorizers that mask bad breath

A

ASTRINGENTS

92
Q

effectively reduces plaque formation and gingivitis.

A

Chlorhexidine

93
Q

May stain the teeth, modify taste, and increase calculus formation

A

Chlorhexidine

94
Q

Cetylpyridinium chloride may be inactivated by _________________, and is not recommended after brushing

A

anionic
surfactants

95
Q
  • Involves an oxidative process that alters the light absorbing or light
    reflecting nature of the tooth structure, thereby increasing perception
    of whiteness
A

TOOTH WHITENING AIDS

97
Q

TOOTH WHITENING AIDS Contain

A

hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide

97
Q

Difficult to apply to the brush, does not provide pleasant brushing
experience, and foaming activity

A

TOOTH POWDERS

97
Q

Physical mix of dental abrasive, flavor, and foaming aid, which is
used with a toothbrush

A

TOOTH POWDERS

98
Q

Thin filament used to clean areas in the oral cavity, which are more
difficult to reach with a toothbrush

A

TOOTH POWDERS

99
Q

Dentists recommend ___________ prior to brushing to allow the fluoride
to reach between the teeth

100
Q

Made from waxed/non-waxed nylon, Teflon filaments, or plastic
monofilaments

A

TOOTH POWDERS

101
Q

Strip of waxed/non-waxed nylon or polyethylene fiber

A

DENTAL TAPE

102
Q

Has a very thin, almost rectangular cross section that helps clean
wider spaces between the teeth compared to the floss

A

DENTAL TAPE

103
Q

Performance paramter for antibacterial activity:

In vitro test is performed using oral pathogens like _______, __________, __________, _________, ____________ using the agar
well diffiusion method.

A

Streptococcus
mutans, Peptostreptococcus micros, Lactobacillus casei,
Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus oralis

104
Q

Performance paramter for antibacterial activity:

In vivo test involves ___________ who use toothpaste or
mouthwash formulations for a predetermined period of time.

A

human volunteers

105
Q

Performance parameter for antibacterial activity:

Saliva
samples ________, __________, and ________ the study are inoculated on plates,
aerobically or anaerobically, and microbial colonies are counted and
compared.

A

before, during, and after

106
Q

Performance parameter for WHITENING ACTIVITY:

In vitro test is performed on teeth removed from ____________. Sample
teeth may be stained and treated with whitening product. Color is
evaluated using a ____________, colorimeter, or by ________

A

animals, spectrophotometer, image analysis

107
Q

T/F: Performance parameter for WHITENING ACTIVITY may also be done onhuman volunteers

108
Q

Product evaluation is conducted by dental professionals in a
clinical study that would determine the efficacy of a desensitizing
product compared to placebo, negative, or positive control.

A

HYPERSENSITIVITY REDUCTION

Cosmetics Lec - K (13 decks)

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