Skin Flashcards
Impetigo is caused by what type of bacteria?
Gram positive strep pyrogenes and staph aureus
How do we treat bullous impetigo?
Oral antibiotics
Keflex or dicloxacillin
How do we treat non-bullous impetigo?
2% Mupirocin
Aphthous stomatitis or canker sores typically heal within?
7-10 days
This is a rash that starts as a Herald Patch and then goes to full distribution. “Christmas tree pattern”
Pityriasis Rosea
How to treat Pityriasis Rosea?
Self-limiting illness (6-8 weeks)
This presents with abrupt onset of fever, chills, severe HA, N/V, photophobia, myalgia, and arthralgia followed by a rash 2-5 days later (small red spots/petechia on wrists, forearms and ankles).
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
How do we treat RMSF?
Always doxy regardless of the age
Rubeola is?
Measles
What are the 3 c’s of measles?
Congestion
Conjunctivitis
Cough
When is the MMR vaccine given?
12 months and then between 4-6 years
This starts with acute onset of fever, HA, fatigue, myalgia, and anorexia. Within in 48 hours the salivary glands become swollen and tender.
Mumps or parotitis
This is salivary glass swelling/stones that occurs with eating but goes away after?
Sialolithiasis
S/S of sialolithiasis?
Bad breath
Painful
“Salivary stone”
Actinic Keratosis is a precursor to?
Squamous cell carcinoma
How is actinic keratosis describes?
Dry, pink lesions on sun exposed areas that do not heal.
Treatment for actinic keratosis
Refer to term for biopsy Then cryotherapy (small number or lesions) and 5-FU (for large number of lesions)
These are soft, wart-like fleshy growths on the trunk, mainly on the back that are benign.
Seborrheic Keratosis
Most common type of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
Describe basal cell carcinoma.
Shiny, waxy, pearly lesion commonly with telangiectasis.
Describe squamous cell carcinoma.
Red, scaly/yellow lesion that bleeds easily.
This is a pyritic rash located on the flexor surfaces of the body?
Eczema
Plaque psoriasis is distinguished from eczema by:
Auspitz sign and Koebler’s phenomenon
This is the sign that when you scratch a psoriasis plaque it bleeds?
Auspitz
This is the phenomenon that new psoriasis plaques will form over areas of skin trauma.
Koebler’s phenomenon
How to treat contact dermatitis?
Avoidance of trigger and topical steroids BIC for 1-2 weeks.
What shingles vaccine is offered after the age of 50 and is most effective.
Shingrix - inactivated
What shingles vaccine is offered after 60 and is activated so patient must wait at least 2 months after outbreak?
Zostavax
What is molluscum contagiosum caused by?
poxvirus and is contagious (caused by skin-skin contact)
These are ulcerated, black lesions, that are painless?
Anthrax
What do you treat anthrax with?
Cipro * or doxy
This is painful/recurring nodules, accesses, and pustules in locations such as the axilla, mammary area, perianal, and groin. It is inflammation of the apocrine glands.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Risk factors for HS?
More common in females
Smoking and obesity
How to treat HS?
Small- warm compresses and topical/po antibiotics (Clindamycin)
Large- I &D and po antibiotics
How is rosacea treated?
Avoid irritants, sunscreen, metronidazole topical gel, azelaic acid topical gel, low-dose tetracycline or minocycline.
This is a superficial form of cellulitis with sharply defined, well demarcated borders.
Erysipelas
Epysipelas treatment?
Kelfex or PCN
Purulent cellulitis is caused by?
MRSA
Treatment of purulent cellulitis?
B: Bactrim
C: Clinda
D: Doxy
Treatment of non purulent cellulitis?
Keflex or PCN
Treatment of a carbuncle?
I & D, warm compress, and PO antibiotics
This is an autoimmune disorder that impacts the salivary gland and eyes and causes dry eye/dry mouth?
Sjoren Syndrome
Can thrush be scraped off?
Yes
Treatment of thrush?
Nystatin swish and spit
These are bright white plaques on the inner checks that cannot be scraped off?
Leukoplakia
These are elongated papilla on the lateral aspect of the tongue and caused by EBV.
Hairy leukoplakia
This starts as a fever that leads to a slapped cheek (lacy, net-like) rash.
5ths disease
How long is 5ths disease contagious?
no longer contagious after rash appears
What is a concern associated with 5ths disease?
Pregnant women exposed should be tested for antibodies bc this can be fatal for fetus.
What is 5th disease caused by?
Parvovirus
Treatment for hand, foot, and mouth?
supportive care, self-limiting
What is Roseola?
6ths disease
What is rubella?
German measles or 3-day measles
Most causes of tinea can be treated topically except for?
Tinea capitus and moderate-severe onychomycosis
What is another name for pinworms?
Enterobiasis
How do we treat pinworms?
mebenazole or albendazole- 1 dose initially and 1 dose 2 weeks later
