Respiratory Flashcards
What is the predominant sx of asthma?
Coughing
What is the biggest decider of severity in asthma?
FEV1
Asthma is diagnosed with:
PFT
COPD is diagnosed with:
Spirometry
What 3 things affect PFTs?
H- Height
A- Age
G- gender
COPD is diagnosed with an FEV1/FVC ration of:
Less than 0.70
What will a COPD patient look like?
Barrel chest, clubbing of fingers, chronic cough
What sound would you hear on percussion of COPD patient?
Hyperresonance
COPD patient is at greater risk of?
Lung cancer
This is common in coal miners.
Pneumoconiosis
Pneumonia s/s:
Cough, fever, chills, rhonchi, wheezing, and increased tactile fremitus
Treatment of pneumonia in patient with no comorbidities and no antibiotics in the last 30 days?
Macrolide, amoxicillin, doxy (MAD lung)
Treatment of pneumonia in a patient with comorbidities and/or antibiotics in the last 30 days?
Levaquin (resp. fluoroquinolone)
What is CURB-65?
Used with elderly with pneumonia for admission to the hospital:
C- Confusion
U- BUN >19
R- RR >20 or 30
B- BP < 90/60
greater than of equal to 65 years of age
1 point for each, once over 2 points patient needs to be admitted
This is caused by RSV and patient will present with cough and wheezing.
Bronchiolitis
Treatment for bronchiolitis?
Supportive care
TB screening results:
general public positive >15mm
immigrants/health care workers positive >10mm
HIV/immunosuppressed positive >5mm
HIV turns to AIDs with a CD4 count of?
Less than 200
We confirm TB with?
Sputum cultures
Strep treatment?
PCN
Mono treatment?
Supportive care- can go back to sports once spleen is no longer enlarged- confirmed with US
If patient has both mono and strep how do we treat?
PCN VK, cephalosporin, or a macrolide
Cannot use amoxicillin with both d/t PCN with mono causing an ampicillin rash
Nagging cough possibly with sputum, 95% cases are viral
Acute bronchitis
When do we treat acute bronchitis with antibiotics?
When it is pertussis, will decrease how contagious they are.
How do we treat sinusitis?
Augmentin to prevent periorbital cellulitis
What occurs with chronic sinusitis?
Nasal polyps
Treatment for allergic rhinitis?
- Avoid triggers
- Intranasal corticosteroids- Flonase
- Antihistamines (Anticholinergic- avoid in elderly.)
