Cardiac

Question 1

We would initiate statin therapy when the ASCVD risk is?

Answer 1

greater than 7.5%

Question 2

What serious side effects can occur with statins?

Answer 2

Rhabdo and drug-induced hepatitis

Question 3

Total cholesterol should be:

Answer 3

Less than 200

Question 4

Triglycerides should be

Answer 4

Less than 150

Question 5

HDL should be

Answer 5

Between 40-60 but the higher then better

Question 6

LDL should be

Answer 6

Less than 100

Question 7

How often should we check a lipid panel?

Answer 7

Every 5 years unless risk factors present

Question 8

Which statin should be given to a patient with elevated cholesterol and their father died at the age of 45 from an MI?

Answer 8

High-Intensity

Question 9

What should you not eat/drink when on a statin?

Answer 9

Grapefruit juice

Question 10

Coenzyme 10 is:

Answer 10

good for the heart

Question 11

What labs should we monitor with an ACE-I?

Answer 11

BUN, creatinine, and K (hyperkalemia risk)

Question 12

What med should we switch to if a patient experiences angioedema on an ACE-I?

Answer 12

ARB

Question 13

Thiazides are good for patients with?

Answer 13

Osteoporosis

Question 14

Avoid thiazides in patients with:

Answer 14

Gout, HLD, and diabetes

Question 15

Avoid CCB in:

Answer 15

GERD

Question 16

When to use a BB?

Answer 16

After an MI

Question 17

Pregnancy HTN meds?

Answer 17

Labetolol, methyldopa, nifidepine

Question 18

What are the category X meds in pregnancy?

Answer 18

ACE-I, ARBS, statins, DMARDS

Question 19

Go to meds for HTN and diabetes?

Answer 19

ACE-I or ARBS- renal protective

Question 20

What is occurring in a patient if there are variances in HR between inspiration and expiration?

Answer 20

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, seen in young, healthy adults

Question 21

What meds for a patient with DM, HTN, and HF?

Answer 21

ACE-I and BB

Question 22

What diabetic med should be avoided in HF?

Answer 22

TZDs

Question 23

What is an irregularly, irregular rhythm?

Answer 23

A. fib

Question 24

Treatment for A. fib?

Answer 24

Metoprolol

Question 25

Bactrim will do what to the INR of a patient on warfarin?

Answer 25

Increase

Question 26

Rifampin will do what to the INR of a patient on warfarin?

Answer 26

Decrease

Question 27

What systolic murmur radiates to the armpit?

Answer 27

Mitral regurg

Question 28

What systolic murmur radiates to the neck?

Answer 28

Aortic stenosis

Question 29

With this murmur we will hear a click and it is common in patients with Marfan’s syndrome?

Answer 29

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 30

What grade of murmur will we feel a palpable thrill?

Answer 30

Grade IV or higher

Question 31

This causes purple, shiny legs; pain that is relieved at rest and with dangling; and decreased blood flow? Intermittent claudication. Absent or weak pulses.

Answer 31

PAD

Question 32

How do we diagnose PAD?

Answer 32

Ankle brachial index of less than 0.9

Question 33

Biggest risk factor of PAD?

Answer 33

Smoking

Question 34

This causes reddish/brown lower extremity skin that is edematous; no pain; all pulses are present.

Answer 34

PVD or chronic venous insufficiency

Question 35

What does PVD increase your risk of?

Answer 35

DVT

Question 36

How do we diagnosis a DVT?

Answer 36

Doppler and d-dimer

Question 37

What should the INR be in a patient with a heart valve?

Answer 37

3-4

Question 38

What should we do when an INR is greater than 5 on warfarin?

Answer 38

Hold warfarin dose and decrease

Question 39

What should we do with an INR greater than 10 with bleeding?

Answer 39

Give IV vitamin K

Question 40

What should we do with an INR greater than 10 with no bleeding?

Answer 40

Give PO vitamin K