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ANCC Study > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first thing we do when a patient comes in with a vision complaint?

A

assess visual acuity

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2
Q

When is a patient considered legally blind?

A

20/200

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3
Q

This is called a lazy eye and is preceded by strabismus.

A

Amylopia

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4
Q

What is CN 2 and what does it do?

A

Optic nerve- assess vision by Snellen chart.

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5
Q

What is CN 3 and what does it do?

A

Oculomotor- focus

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6
Q

What is CN 4 and what does it do?

A

Trochlear- downward and inward eye movement

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7
Q

What is CN 5 and what does it do?

A

Trigeminal- outward and lateral eye movement

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8
Q

Retinal arteries look how as compared to retinal veins?

A

Thinner and lighter

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9
Q

What can we see with uncontrolled HTN?

A

Copper wire arteries

AV nicking- artery crosses a vein and causes it to bulge

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10
Q

What can we see with a diabetic eye exam?

A
  1. Cotton wool spots- diabetic retinopathy
  2. Microaneurysms- small bulges in retinal blood vessels that leak fluid-caused by neovascularization
  3. Neovasculatization- new fragile arteries in the retina that rupture and bleed
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11
Q

This causes sudden, severe eye pain in elderly patients. It is caused by an increase in ICP. The eye will feel “firm to the touch” and vision will be reduced/blurry.

A

Acute angle-closure glaucoma

Ophthalmological emergency can cause permanent vision loss

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12
Q

This is a sudden onset of floaters that “feels like looking through a curtain”. Blurred vision/flashes of light.

A

Retinal detachment

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13
Q

Eye complaints related to elevated cholesterol levels.

A
  1. Arcus senilus- gray halo around the eye.
  2. Xanthelasma- cholesterol deposits on the eye
    * Run lipid profile*
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14
Q

Yellow triangular (wedge-shaped) thickening of the conjunctiva that is benign. Eye redness but typically asymptomatic. Does encroach on the cornea.

A

Pterygium

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15
Q

A raised, yellow-white, small round growth in the bulbar conjunctiva. This is from sun exposure and does not encroach on the cornea.

A

Pinguecula

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16
Q

This is caused by an abscess of hair follicle. Sudden onset of swelling and purulent drainage. Painful

A

Hordeolum

17
Q

Chronic inflammation of meibomian gland. Not painful.

A

Chalazion

18
Q

This is a unilateral blood shot red eye that mimics viral conjunctivitis (pink eye).

A

Blepharitis

19
Q

Treatment for a hordeolum?

A

Warm/hot compresses and possibly po antibiotics.

20
Q

Treatment for a chalazion?

A

I&D, surgical removal, or intrachalazion steroid injections.

Refer*

21
Q

Type of conjunctivitis that has serous drainage and starts bilateral?

A

Allergic

22
Q

Type of conjunctivitis that you typically see stringer/ropey drainage that spreads from one eye to the next. Enlarged pre-auricular nodes and cobblestone eye.

A

Viral (pink eye)

23
Q

Type of conjunctivitis that you typically see purulent drainage that spreads from one eye to the next. This is contagious.

A

Bacterial

24
Q

This is “a foreign body sensation” that is commonly seen with Bell’s palsy.

A

Corneal abrasion

25
Q

How do we diagnose a corneal abrasion?

A

Flouroscene staining

26
Q

What eye conditions have an absent red reflex?

A

Retinoblastoma

Cataracts

27
Q

This causes central vision loss and is age related?

A

Macular degeneration

28
Q

Treatment for macular degeneration?

A

Write things in large print

29
Q

This is farsightedness d/t age related loss of elasticity of the lens. Common for patients to say “my arms seem too short”.

A

Presbyopia

30
Q

This is eye pain/sensitivity to light caused by the inflammation and swelling of the Iris. Will have decreased vision and the entire eye will be red.

A

Irisitis

31
Q

Corneal infection spread by direct contact. Symptoms may include foreign body sensation, lacrimation, photophobia, and conjunctival hyperemia.

A

Simplex Keratosis

32
Q

Treatment for simplex keratosis?

A

Proper hand washing

33
Q

Rash on the tip/fern of the nose that moves to the eye S/S: pain, photophobia and blurred vision.

A

Herpetic keratosis

Refer to the ED*

34
Q

Anytime there is eye pain we should:

A

REFER

35
Q

This affects the middle layer of tissue in the eye wall (uvea). S/S: blood shot, red eye, painful. It is benign.

A

Uveitis

ANCC Study (14 decks)

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