Skill Acquisition 2.1 Flashcards
Define ‘skill’
A learned ability to bring about pre-determined results with the minimum outlay of time, energy or both
What are the 7 characteristics of a skill?
(ACE FACE)
- Aesthetically pleasing
- Consistent
- Efficient
- Fluent
- Accurate
- Controlled
- Economical
What are the different skill continums?
Open–Closed
Gross–Fine
Self paced–Externally paced
Discrete–Continuous–Serial Skills
High–Low
Simple–Complex
What is an open skill?
A skill performed in an unstable/unpredictable environment
(Lots of decisions) e.g. a pass in football
What is a closed skill?
A skill performed in a predictable environment
Performer can repeat the actions consistently and there are fewer decisi
What is a gross skill?
A skill which is performed using large muscle groups
What is a fine skill?
A skill that uses smaller, more intricate muscle groups
What is a self-paced skill?
When the performer controls the start and the speed of the skill
What is an externally paced skill?
When the performer has no control over the start and the speed of the skill
What is a discrete skill?
A skill that has a clear beginning and end
What is a continuous skill?
A skill that has no clear beginning and end
What is a serial skill?
A skill that contains several discrete skills in order to make a more integrated movement
What is a low organised skill?
A skill that is easily broken into parts
What is a highly organised skill?
A skill that is not easily broken into parts
What is a simple skill?
A skill that requires few decisions when being performed
What is a complex skill?
A skill that requires decision making using lots of information when performed
What are the different types of transfer?
- Positive transfer
- Negative transfer
- Bilateral transfer
- Zero transfer
What is positive transfer?
When the learning of one skill helps the learning of another
e.g basketball pass & a netball pass
What is negative transfer of learning?
When the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another
e.g a tennis surve & a badminton serve similar concept but v different
What is zero transfer of learning?
Where the previously learnt skills have nothing to do with the skill being learnt due to the differences in the skill
e.g cartwheel & throwing a ball
What is bilateral transfer of learning?
Where practice on a limb on one side of the body improves the other side
e.g right footed footballer improve their left side to be somewhat equal
How can a coach make sure that succesful transfer of learning takes place?
- Identify points that may hinder that learning
- Ensure the original task is learnt effectively and practiced well
- Eliminate bad habits
What is whole practice?
Practising the skill in its entirety
(without breaking it down)
Who/when would use whole practice?
- When the skill is too fast to be broken down
- Skill is highly organised & diffucult to break down
- Skill is simple & doesnt require much breakdown
- Performer is advanced in the autonomous stage of learning
