Skeleton/Muscles Flashcards
What is the pelvis like in ceteans?
Vestigial. No locomotive function.
What is the autopodium?
Distant part of limb: hand or foot
How many bones are in more therians pectoral girdle?
2
What are somatic muscles?
Skeletal, voluntary
Where the pelvic girdle fused?
Ischiopubic symohysis
What is the variation of the manus and pes based on?
Locomotion type
What are nonsomatic muscles?
Visceral (cardiac), involuntary
Which species have strong clavicles?
Squirrels
What is the pes?
Foot or hind foot
How many cervial vertebrae are there?
7
What is the Hallux?
Big toe
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12-15
Where are the thoracic vertebrae?
In the chest
Which animals have less cervical vertebrae?
Sloths and manatees
What makes up the appenidcular skeleton?
Girdles, limbs, hands, feet, pelvis
What is the propodium?
Upper limb
What does the structure of the cervial vertebrae allow?
The skull to idependently move both vertically and horizontally
What is the manus?
Hand or forefoot
How man caudal vertebrae are there?
3-5
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
4-7
What is the epipodium?
Lower limb
How is the pelvic girdle joint?
Sacroiliac joint
How many sacral vertebrae are there?
3-5
Which pectoral bone is reduced or lost in cursorial animals?
Clavicle
Which are the first cervical vertebrates behind the back of the skull?
Atlas and axis
How many pairs of ribs do whales have?
9
How is the pectoral girdle joint?
Sling appendicular muscles
What is the pollex?
Thumb
What makes up the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum
Which bones are in the epipodium?
Radius, ulna, tibia and fibula
How many pairs of ribs do sloths have?
24
How many digits is the ancestral number?
5
What is the name of the hominoid caudal?
Coccyx
What is the average number of pairs of ribs?
12
Which bones are in the propodium?
Humerus and femur
Where are the lumbar vertebrae located?
Bottom of the back
Which 3 bones are in the pelvic girdle?
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
What is the main adaptation of the skull for?
Foraging
What are the 2 bones in the pectoral girdle?
Scapula and clavicle
What does the fusion of caudal vertebrae create?
Tail
